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Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
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Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. That experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and. understanding these words. So-called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences. Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection. In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species. Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance. Questions: According to the assumption given in Last Para., we don’t exactly know______.
账簿记录金额发生错误时，不得刮、擦、挖补，但文字错误可以进行涂改。 ( )
关于降压药物的使用 司机、高空作业和精密仪器操作者不宜应用的是
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened (62) . As was discussed before, it was not (63) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic (64) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the (65) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution (66) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading (67) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures (68) the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in (69) . It is generally recognized, (70) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, (71) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, (72) its impact on the media was not immediately (73) . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as (74) , with display becoming sharper and storage (75) increasing. They were thought of, like people, (76) generations, with the distance between genera-much (77) . It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the (78) within which we now live. The communications revolution has (79) both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been (80) views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weed (81) "harmful" outcomes: And generalizations have proved difficult.
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