For one thing, tightness in the job market seems to have given men an additional incentive to take jobs where they can find them. Although female dominated office and service jobs for the most part, rank lower in pay and status, "they’re still there," says June O’Neill, director of program and policy research at the institute. Traditionally mate blue-collar jobs, meanwhile, "aren’t increasing at all". At the same time, she says, "The outlooks of young people are different." Younger men with less rigid views on what constitutes male or female work "may not feel there’s such a stigma to work in a female dominated field." Although views have softened, men who cross the sexual segregation line in the job market may still face discrimination and ridicule. David Anderson, a 36-year-old former high school teacher, says he found secretarial work "a way out of teaching and into the business world". He had applied for work at 23 employment agencies for "management training jobs that didn’t exist", and he discovered that "the best skill ! had was being able to type 70 words a minute". He took a job as a secretary to the marketing director of a New York publishing company. But he says he could feel a lot of people wondering what he was doing there and if something was wrong with him. Mr. Anderson’s boss was a woman. When she asked him to fetch coffee, he says, "The other secretaries’ eyebrows went up." Sales executives who came in to see his boss, he says, "couldn’t quite believe that I could and would type, take dictation, and answer the phones." Males sometimes find themselves mistaken for higher status professionals. Anthony Shee, a flight attendant with U.S. Air Inc., has been mistaken for a pilot. Mr. Anderson, the secretary, says he found himself being "treated in executive tones whenever I wore a suit". In fact, the men in traditional female jobs often move up the ladder fast. Mr. Anderson actually worked only seven months as a secretary. Then he got a higher level, better paying job as a placement counselor at an employment agency. "I got a lot of encouragement to advance," he says, "including job tips from male executives who couldn’t quite see me staying a secretary." Experts say, for example that while men make up only a small fraction of elementary school teachers, a disproportionate number of elementary principals are men. Barbara Bergmann, an economist at the University of Maryland who has studied sex segregation at work, believes that’s partly because of "sexism in the occupational structure" and partly because men have been raised to assert themselves and to assume responsibility. Men may also feel more compelled than women to advance, she suspects. Why was Anthony Shee, a flight attendant with U.S. Air Inc., mistaken for a pilot
A. Because he always wore a pilot’s uniform.
Because he told people he was a pilot instead of a flight attendant.
C. Because he wants to be a pilot.
D. Because people tend to mistake men for higher status professionals.
王女士,24岁,平常月经规律、停经40天,阴道出血2天,突发腹痛,伴恶心,呕吐,晕厥就诊。检查:体温36.4℃,脉搏120次/分,血压10.7/6.7kPa(80/50mmHg),面色苍白,表情痛苦。双合诊:后穹隆饱满,宫颈举痛明显,子宫未检清,右侧宫旁可触到触痛明显包块。 根据病人情况,对该病人进一步确诊最适宜的方法是( )。
A. 妊娠试验
B. 超声波检查
C. 血常规检查
D. 阴道镜检查
E. 阴道后穹隆穿刺
(6~7题共用病例)林女士,54岁,孕5产4。慢性咳嗽多年,阴道口脱出肿物已1年多,近半年来,经休息亦不能回纳,阴道分泌物增多。妇科检查:会阴Ⅱ度裂伤,阴道前壁有球形膨出,宫颈及部分子宫体脱出于阴道外,子宫颈表面可见溃疡,两侧附件未触及。 患者出现的l临床症状,应除外
A. 有“肿物”自阴道脱出
B. 下坠感或腰骶部酸痛
C. 月经量增多
D. 阴道分泌物增多
E. 久站或劳累后症状加重
The mental health movement in the United States began with a period of considerable enlightenment.①Dorothea Dix was shocked to find the mentally ill in jails and almshouses(养老院)and crusaded for the establishment of asylums in whish people could receive humane care in hospital like environments and treatment which might help restore them to sanity.By the mid 1800s,20 states had established asylums, but during the late 1800s and early 1900s,in the face of economic depression, legislatures were unable to appropriate sufficient funds for decent care.Asylums became overcrowded and prison like. Additionally, patients were more resistant to treatment than the pioneers in the mental health field had anticipated, and security and restraint were needed to protect patients and others. Mental institutions became frightening and depressing places in which the rights of patients were all but forgotten. These conditions continued until after World War Ⅱ. ②At that time, new treatments were discovered for some major mental illnesses theretofore considered untreatable(penicillin for syphilis of the brain and insulin treatment for schizophrenia) and depressions), and a succession of books, motion pictures, and newspaper exposes called attention to the plight of the mentally ill. Improvements were made and Dr. David Vail’s Humane Practices Program is a beacon for today. But changes were slow in coming until the early 1960s. ③At that time, the Civil Rights movement led lawyers to investigate America’s prisons, which were disproportionately populated by blacks, and they in turn followed prisoners into the only institutions that were worse than the prisons--the hospital for the criminally insane . The prisons were filled with angry young men that, encouraged by legal support, were quick to demand their rights. ④The hospital for the criminally insane, by contrast, were populated with people who were considered "crazy" and who were often kept obediently in their place through the use of severe bodily restraints and large doses of major tranquilizers, The young cadre (骨 干) of public interest lawyers liked their role in the mental hospitals. The lawyers found a population that was both passive and easy to champion. These were, after all, people who, unlike criminals, had done nothing wrong. And in many states, they were being kept in horrendous institutions, an injustice, which once exposed, was bound to shock the public and, particularly, the judicial conscience. Patients’ rights groups successfully encouraged reform by lobbying in state legislatures. Judicial interventions have had some definite positive effects, but there is growing awareness that courts cannot provide the standards and the review mechanisms that assure good patient care. ⑤The details of providing day-to-day care simply cannot be mandated by a court, so it is time to take from the courts the responsibility for delivery of mental health care and assurance of patient right and return it to the state mental health administrators to whom the mandate was originally given. Though it is a difficult task, administrators must undertake to write roles and standards and to provide the training and surveillance (监督) to assure that treatment is given and patient rights are respected. The tone of the final paragraph can best be described as ______.
A. overly emotional
B. cleverly deceptive
C. cautiously optimistic
D. fiercely independent