题目内容
给定节点的关键字序列(F,B,J,G,E,A,I,D,C,H)，对它按字母的字典顺序进行排列。采用不同方法，其最终结果相同，但中间结果是不同的。Shell排序的第一趟扫描(步长为5)结果应为 (72) 。冒泡排序(大数下沉)的第一趟起泡的效果是 (73) 。快速排序的第一趟结果是 (74) 。二路归并排序的第一趟结果是 (75) 。 （72）处填（）。
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第二篇 The use of heat pumps has been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as two units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation. Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant(致冷剂) that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, lowpressure vapor, enters a compressor ’driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature o{ this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively. The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps either to heat or cool room air. Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation. Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume {low rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant. But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant—and thus the thermal energy it carries—is less than ii the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression. Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates—where the most heat is needed—heat pumps are least able to supply enough heat. The primary purpose of the passage is to ______.
操作系统主要是对计算机系统中的全部软硬件资源进行管理，以方便用户提高计算机使用效率的一种系统软件。它的主要功能有：处理机管理、存储管理、 (28) 、作业管理、 (29) 。Windows是一个具有图形界面的 (30) 系统软件。UNIX操作系统基本上是采用 (31) 语言编制而成的系统软件。在 (32) 操作系统的控制下，计算机能及时处理由过程控制反馈的信息并作出响应。 31（）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 A satisfactory psychological theory must allow us to predict behavior. For instance, a satisfactory theory of hunger will allow us to predict when people will eat and not eat. A broadly satisfying, (51) theory should have a wide range of applicability. A broad theory of hunger might apply (52) human beings and lower animals, to normal weight and overweight people, and to people who have (53) of food for differing lengths of time. If our (54) cannot be adequately explained by or predicted from a given theory, we should consider revising or replacing that theory. In psychology many theories have been found to be (55) of explaining or predicting new observations. As a result they have been revised (56) .For example, the theory that hunger results from stomach contractions may be (57) correct for normal weight individuals, but it is inadequate as an (58) for feelings of hunger among the overweight. (59) theories also focus on biological variables, such as fat cells and brain (60) , and psychological variables such as the presence of other people who are eating and the time of day. The (61) of controlling behavior in psychology is highly (62) . Some people erroneously think that psychologists seek ways to make people do their bidding—like puppets dangling on strings. This is not so. Instead, psychologists help (63) change their behavior for their own benefit. Psychologists are (64) to belief in the dignity of human beings, and human dignity demands that people be free to make their own decisions and choose their own behavior. Psychologists are learning more all the time about the (65) influences on human behavior, but they apply this knowledge only upon request and in ways they believe will be helpful to an individual or an institution.
在面向对象程序设计语言中， (24) 是利用可重用成分构造软件系统的最有效的特性，它不仅支持系统的可重用性，而且还有利于提高系统的可扩充性； (25) 可以及实现发送一个通用的消息而调用不同的方法； (26) 是实现信息隐蔽的一种技术，其目的是使类的 (27) 相互分离。 26（）
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