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1 There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system. 2 In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shorts, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money. 3 An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each good and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by the government, shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete planning of production consumption, and exchange for the whole economy. 4 In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition; every person’s place within the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve. A stagnant society may result. According to the passage, ______ has the greatest degree of control in an administered system.
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It is estimated that some seven hundred million people--about half of the world’s population are unable to read and write, and there are probably two hundred and fifty million more people whose level of attainment is so slight that it barely outlives a literacy.Recently the attack on illiteracy (文盲) has been stepped up . A world plan has been drawn up by a committee of UNESCO experts in Paris, as part of the United Nations Development Decade, and an international conference on the subject has the aim. People must learn the basic skills of responsible citizenship: the ability to read notices, newspapers, timetables, letters, pricelists, to keep simple records and accounts, to sort out the significance of the information gathered, and to fill informs.The major areas of illiteracy are in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. In Africathere are at least one hundred million illiterates, compromising(牵连) eighty to eighty-five per cent of the total population. In Europe the figure is about twenty-four million, most of them in Southern Europe, with Spain, Italy, Portugal, and Yugoslavia heading tl ,c list (the United Kingdom has about seven hundred thousand). A world plan mentioned in the passage aims at ().
Sports and SexesIn sports the sexes are separate. (36) and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That (37) is (38) people say. Women are (39) "the weaker sex", or if men want to please them, "the fair sex". But boys and girls are taught (40) schools and universities. There are women (41) are famous prime ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men. (42) European woman can expect (43) until the age of 74; a man only until he is 68. Are women’s bodies really weaker The fastest men can run a mile in (44) 4 minutes. The best women need 5 minutes. Women’s times are always slower than (45) , but some facts are a surprise. Some of the (46) women swimmers today are girls. One of them swam 400 metres (47) 4 minutes and 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first "Tartan" in films was (48) Olympic swimmer, Jonny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes and 59.1 seconds, (49) is 37.9 seconds (50) than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are (51) men (52) . Conditions are very different now, and sport is much (53) serious. It is (54) serious that some women are given hormone injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check (55) the women are really women or not. It seems like that sport has many problems. Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes. 52().
Sports and SexesIn sports the sexes are separate. (36) and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That (37) is (38) people say. Women are (39) "the weaker sex", or if men want to please them, "the fair sex". But boys and girls are taught (40) schools and universities. There are women (41) are famous prime ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men. (42) European woman can expect (43) until the age of 74; a man only until he is 68. Are women’s bodies really weaker The fastest men can run a mile in (44) 4 minutes. The best women need 5 minutes. Women’s times are always slower than (45) , but some facts are a surprise. Some of the (46) women swimmers today are girls. One of them swam 400 metres (47) 4 minutes and 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first "Tartan" in films was (48) Olympic swimmer, Jonny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes and 59.1 seconds, (49) is 37.9 seconds (50) than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are (51) men (52) . Conditions are very different now, and sport is much (53) serious. It is (54) serious that some women are given hormone injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check (55) the women are really women or not. It seems like that sport has many problems. Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes. 44().
案例分析题PAL制式的VCD影片采用的视频压缩编码标准是（），其图像分辨率为（），配音的压缩编码采用（）。DVD影片采用的视频压缩标准是（）。 DVD影片采用的视频压缩标准是（）
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