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Book fair — facts & figuresThe Frankfurt Book Fair, the largest, oldest and most important book fair in the world, brings (29) an estimated 80,000 executives from the international book and media industry, (30) nearly 10,000 journalists from about 70 countries report (31) the event.To begin (32) , the Frankfurt Book Fair was primarily an order fair (33) booksellers from Germany but, as its international importance grew, the (34) of rights and licenses became its central activity. (35) three-quarters of the publishing world’s rights and licenses (36) now transacted through the Frankfurt Book Fair.The Frankfurt Book Fair has responded to the development of the electronic media by, in 1993, setting (37) a separate exhibition area at the fair. (38) two years, the number of exhibitors Offering electronic publishing products increased eight-fold, (39) that now the Frankfurt Book Fair is the most important event in the medium of electronic publishing (40) well as books. 31（）
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假设在清明节之日，由你向青少年做一个爱国主义演讲。
7 Little Tricks to Speak in Public with No Fear There was once a time when I had no fear. I was 11 years old and I entered a story telling competition. I was confidently telling the story and captured everyone’s attention until suddenly I heard a voice from just in front of the stage commenting about my nose. It’s totally disastrous from that moment on. I lost focus and forgot the script altogether. That’s the exact time that I began to have a certain fear of public speaking. Over the years, I finally overcome my fear of public speaking. I can now speak at any function unprepared and even though the nervousness is still there, I am able to control it. It was not easy but I made it with some help from books and a few techniques I developed myself. Hopefully these tricks will be able to help you as they had helped me in overcoming fear of public speaking. 1. Admit nervousness All you have to do is admit that you are a bit nervous speaking to your audience. When you do this, the audience will be more forgiving if your nervousness shows up later on. More importantly you will feel more relaxed now that they are not expecting a world-class presentation. Imagine their surprise when you gave them the best presentation ever despite your nervousness. The best way to do this is by joking about it. Here’s an example of a good one. "On the way here, only God and I knew what I will be presenting. (looking a bit nervous) Now, only God knows." 2. Redefine your audience Redefine your audience generally means changing how you see your audience. Instead of seeing them as lecturers who are evaluating you, maybe you can convince yourself that they are all fellow students who are in queue to present after you. They are all equally nervous so there is no reason why you should be too. Or perceive them as long lost friends that you haven’t seen for 10 years. This way you can maintain eye contact trying to figure out where you have seen him before. To the audiences, they will see a very friendly and personal presentation. Do not try to convince yourself that they are babies in diapers or that nobody is around as suggested by some books. It is very hard to convince yourself that no one is around when you are actually speaking to them. 3. Invest in visual aids Imagine a presentation with beautiful PowerPoint slides and even more impressive notes given to each of your audience members. Half of the time, their eyes wiI1 not be on you. They will read through the notes and your fancy slides. This will help a lot as you can then speak to the people who are not looking at you. When they look at you, you just change your focus to other people who are not looking. Giving a speech to people who are not looking at you is always easier. 4. Make mistakes intentionally This is another trick I encourage you to try. Once I "accidentally" dropped my notes on the floor, and while picking them up, I warned the audiences that the presentation will be more confusing after this. I heard some laughter from the floor. The idea is to gain control of your audience. If you can make them laugh and be more interactive with you, your presentation will have that casual feel to it which will make it more memorable than others. Ultimately you will find it easier to do. 5. Speak to one person at a time One of the most terrifying things about public speaking is the crowd. Just by looking at the crowd, all in silence just to hear you speak, will send shivers down your spine. To overcome this, you just need to speak to one person at a time. Choose one member of your audience and dedicate your whole presentation to him or her. Just assume that everyone else is not paying attention. When someone asks you a question, change your focus to that person and answer the question as if the two of you are in a coffee shop chatting away. Isn’t that the most relaxing way to handle a crowd 6. Be impressive with personal opinion Just like blogging, everyone can copy an article and paste it onto their biog. However, people read blogs not only to know about things happening but to know what that particular blogger’s opinion is on the matter. When you speak or give a presentation, try to squeeze in a few of your personal thoughts on the matter. Of course these should be prepared early on. However, you should make it as if the ideas are "just in" while you are presenting. That will differentiate your presentation from the rest, and when you see the interested look on the faces of your audience, it will elevate your presentation to another new level, a level where you start having fun. 7. Have fun experimenting This is the most important tips of all. Have fun with the crowd. Try new ways to give the best presentation to your audience. Maybe experiment with a new funny approach, or walk around the hall instead of being static on the stage. Have fun with experimenting on human behavior and you will see that public speaking is not that bad after all. Remember that there are no failures, only different results. Have fun! Some personal thoughts may make your presentation different and arouse the ______ of the audience.
In spite of "endless talk of difference", American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is "the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference" characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into "a culture of consumption" launched by the 19th century department stores that offered "vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere". Instead of intimate shops catering to "a knowledgeable elite", these were stores "anyone could enter, regardless of class or background". This turned shopping into a public and democratic act. The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization. Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation—language, home ownership and intermarriage. The 1990 Census revealed that "a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ’well’ or ’very well’ after ten years of residence". The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. "By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families. " Hence the description of America as a "graveyard" for language. By 1996 foreign born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native born Americans. Foreign born Asians and Hispanics "have higher rates of intermarriage than do US born whites and blacks". By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian American women are married to non Asians. Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet "some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power". Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment. In contrast to America’s former turbulence, today’s social environment is almost not ______.
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