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Text 3 George Bernard Shaw(1856—1950)was born in Dublin, Ireland. At the age of 14, after graduating from middle school, Shaw was put into a job as clerk in a land agent’s office. At 20 he went to London where he remained jobless for 9 years, devoting much time to self-education. Meantime, Shaw took an active part in the socialist movement. A contemporary of Shaw’s thus wrote of him: "I used to be a daily frequenter of the British Museum Reading Room. Even more assiduous in his attendance was a young man. ...My curiosity was piqued by the odd conjunction of his subjects of research. Day after day for weeks he had before him two books—Karl Marx’s ’Das Kapital’ (in French), and an orchestral score(管弦乐乐谱) of ’Tristan and Isolde’." Though Shaw admitted Marx’s great influence on him, he failed to grasp the necessity of a revolutionary reconstruction of the world. A strong influence was exercised on Shaw by the Fabian society, the English reformist organization. In the early period of his literary career, Shaw wrote some novels, "An Unsocial Socialist" and others, in which he developed the traditions of critical realism, bitterly criticizing the stupidity, snobbishness and petty tyranny of the middle class. In the nineties Shaw turned to the theatre, first working as a dramatic critic, then writing plays for the stage. His role in the development of dramaturgy is very great. Shaw was an enemy of "art for art’s sake". He wrote, "for art’s sake I will not face the toil of writing a sentence." He used the stage to criticize the evils of capitalism. He wrote 51 plays in total, the important ones including "Widower’s Houses", "Saint Joan" and "The Apple Cart". In his plays Shaw laid bare the gross injustice and utter inhumanity of the bourgeois society. This he achieved not so much by the structures of plots in his plays as by the brilliant dialogues between the characters. His exposure of capitalist society is very significant and it places Shaw among the most important representatives of critical realism in modern English literature. In his plays, Shaw achieved the exposure of capitalist society ______.
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Text 3 George Bernard Shaw(1856—1950)was born in Dublin, Ireland. At the age of 14, after graduating from middle school, Shaw was put into a job as clerk in a land agent’s office. At 20 he went to London where he remained jobless for 9 years, devoting much time to self-education. Meantime, Shaw took an active part in the socialist movement. A contemporary of Shaw’s thus wrote of him: "I used to be a daily frequenter of the British Museum Reading Room. Even more assiduous in his attendance was a young man. ...My curiosity was piqued by the odd conjunction of his subjects of research. Day after day for weeks he had before him two books—Karl Marx’s ’Das Kapital’ (in French), and an orchestral score(管弦乐乐谱) of ’Tristan and Isolde’." Though Shaw admitted Marx’s great influence on him, he failed to grasp the necessity of a revolutionary reconstruction of the world. A strong influence was exercised on Shaw by the Fabian society, the English reformist organization. In the early period of his literary career, Shaw wrote some novels, "An Unsocial Socialist" and others, in which he developed the traditions of critical realism, bitterly criticizing the stupidity, snobbishness and petty tyranny of the middle class. In the nineties Shaw turned to the theatre, first working as a dramatic critic, then writing plays for the stage. His role in the development of dramaturgy is very great. Shaw was an enemy of "art for art’s sake". He wrote, "for art’s sake I will not face the toil of writing a sentence." He used the stage to criticize the evils of capitalism. He wrote 51 plays in total, the important ones including "Widower’s Houses", "Saint Joan" and "The Apple Cart". In his plays Shaw laid bare the gross injustice and utter inhumanity of the bourgeois society. This he achieved not so much by the structures of plots in his plays as by the brilliant dialogues between the characters. His exposure of capitalist society is very significant and it places Shaw among the most important representatives of critical realism in modern English literature. The inference we can draw from what a contemporary of Shaw’s is that ______.
It is reported that DNA tests put death penalty under fire. The issue of wrongful convictions does not (47) just to cases that pre-date DNA testing. A growing scandal in Texas (48) as a reminder that genetic tests can be reliable if only those who are carrying them out are reliable. On 4 January, a report was published on the Houston Police Department’s (49) laboratory. The DNA unit of the Texas lab was closed in 2002, after a series of (50) by local television news station KHOU. Now, an independent investigation, which has looked at 1,100 cases so far, (51) the lab with problems including contamination of samples, misrepresentation of (52) in court and failure to use controls. In two cases, one of which put a man on death row, a clear absence of the (53) ’s genetic markers in a sample was called "inconclusive" and not reported. Investigators (54) lack of funding and incompetent management, among other factors. "The complete lack of outside scrutiny (详细的检查) of the crime lab’s operations, procedures, and reporting of results allowed serious deficiencies.., to become so egregious (惊人) that analysts in the lab simply had now (55) on how bad their practices were," the report reads. DNA analyzed at the lab is being (56) , and at least one person has been freed. A) serves I) accusesB) retested J) blamedC) numbers K) considersD) exposes L) perspectiveE) statistics M) relateF) crime N) applyG) charges O) interviewsH) suspect
Fears of "mad cow" disease spread (1) the globe last week (2) South Africa, New Zealand and Singapore joining most of Britain’ s European Union partners in (3) imports of British beef. In London, steak restaurants were empty follwing the March 20 announcement by scientists that they had found a (4) link between mad cow disease from British beef and its human (5) , Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD) . Efforts to reassure consumers and governments proved (6) . France, Germany, Italy, Finland and Greece were among countries which announced bans (7) British beef shipments. A committee of EU veterinary experts, meeting in Brussels, (8) new protective measures but said transmission of the disease from cattle to humans was unproven and did not (9) a general ban on British beef exports. Britain’s own main consumer group advised people to (10) beef if they wanted to be absolutely sure of not (11) CJD which destroys the brain and is always (12) . "Could it be worse than AIDS" The stark headline in Friday’s Daily mail newspaper encapsulated the fear and uncertainty (13) Britain. CJD (14) humans in the same way that BSE makes cows mad—by eating away nerve cells in the brain (15) it looks like a spongy Swiss cheese. The disease is incurable. Victims show (16) of dementia and memory loss and usually die (17) six months. Little is known (18) sure about the group of diseases known collectively as spongiform encephalopathies, which explains (19) some eminent scientists are not prepared to (20) a human epidemic of AIDS-like proportions.
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