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American Group Dynamics Today, in Western research institutes and university department,much work is done as a team project and American group dynamics is a topic we should be familiar with.Ⅰ. The View of Professional and (1) Relationships (1) ______ 1. Separate the two relationships -- no need to (2) with your co-workers (2) ______ -- no need to socialize with your co-workers after office hours 2. Neglect the conflicting personalities or (3) . (3) ______ -- put aside your negative attitude towards a coworker and accomplishthe task related to the projectⅡ. Equality and Participation 1. Everyone is treated as (4) . (4) ______ --express his/her opinion freely 2. A leader’s role -- not dominate a group -- not the important person -- make sure everyone (5) (5) ______ -- act more like (6) than a boss (6) ______ -- make sure the discussion stays on topic 3. Group members talk to each otherⅢ. Compromises (7) (7) ______ 1. Give or (8) your ideas to the group (8) ______ 2. Take or accept the ideas of other membersⅣ. Rules for Team Meetings 1. An agenda -- a list of items to be discussed; (9) of discussion (9) ______ 2. A (10) for decision making (10) ______ -- everyone participates -- everyone takes ownership

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· Look at the notice below. It shows a list of stands at a trade fair.· For questions 6-10, decide which stand (A-H) each person on the opposite page needs to visit.· For each question, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once. TRADE FAIR STANDSA CIP System: Internal Telephone SystemsB Bertix pie: Top-of-the-Range Portable ComputersC Aurora Ltd: Hands-Free Mobile Phones for VehiclesD FastCo Ltd: Distribution ServicesE Tops Recruitment Agency: Specialists in ManagementF HTML Ltd: Website Marketing and Internet AdvertisingG Journey. com: Travel Agency for the Business ExecutiveH FTA: Finance for Training John Brown is buying new vans for his service engineers and wants to be able to contact them at any time.

TEXT C It is hard to conceive of a language without nouns or verbs. But that is just what Riau Indonesian is, according to David Gil, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary .Anthropology, in Leipzig. Dr. Gil has been studying Riau for the past 12 years. Initially, he says, he struggled with the language, despite being fluent in standard Indonesian. However, a breakthrough came when he realized that what he had been thinking of as different parts of speech were, in fact, grammatically the same. For example, the phrase "the chicken is eating" translates into colloquial Riau as "ayam makan". Literally, this is "chicken eat". But the same pair of words also have meanings as diverse as "the chicken is making somebody eat", or "somebody is eating where the chicken is". There are, he says, no modifiers that distinguish the tenses of verbs. Nor are there modifiers for nouns that distinguish the definite from the indefinite. Indeed, there are no features in Riau Indonesian that distinguish nouns from verbs. These categories, he says, are imposed because the languages that western linguists are familiar with have them. This sort of observation flies in the face of conventional wisdom about what language is. Most linguists are influenced by the work of Noam Chomsky---in particular, his theory of "deep grammar". According to Dr. Chomsky, people are born with a sort of linguistic template in their brains. This is a set of rules that allows children to learn a language quickly, but also imposes constraints and structure on what is learnt. Evidence in support of this theory includes the tendency of children to make systematic mistakes which indicate a tendency to impose rules on what turn out to be grammatical exceptions (e. g. "I dided it" instead of "I did it"). There is also the ability of the children of migrant workers to invent new languages known as creoles out of the grammatically incoherent pidgin spoken by their parents. Exactly what the deep grammar consists of is still not clear, but a basic distinction between nouns and verbs would probably be one of its minimum requirements. Dr. Gil contends, however, that there is a risk of unconscious bias leading to the conclusion that a particular sort of grammar exists in an unfamiliar language. That is because it is easier for linguists to dis cover extra features in foreign languages--for example tones that change the meaning of words, which are common in Indonesian but do not exist in European languages--than to realize that elements which are taken for granted in a linguist’s native language may be absent from another. Despite the best intentions, he says, there is a tendency to fit languages into a mould. And since most linguists are westerners, that mould is usually an Indo-European language from the West. It needs not, however, be a modern language. Dr. Gil’s point about bias is well illustrated by the history of the study of the world’s most widely spoken tongue. Many of the people who developed modern linguistics had had an education in Latin and Greek. As a consequence, English was often described until well into the 20th century as having six different noun cases, because Latin has six. Only relatively recently did grammarians begin a debate over noun cases in English. Some now contend that it does not have noun cases at all, others that it has two while still others maintain that there are three or four cases. The difficulty is compounded if a linguist is not fluent in the language he is studying. The process of linguistic fieldwork is a painstaking one, fraught with pitfalls. Its mainstay is the use of "informants" who tell linguists, in interviews and on paper, about their language. Unfortunately, these informants tend to be better-educated than their fellows, and are often fluent in more than one language. If there is another paragraph following the passage, it might talk about ______.

A. what the results of Dr. Gil’s research on Riau Indonesian.
B. what the results of linguists’ research on Riau Indonesian.
C. how Dr. Gil carries out his research on Riau Indonesian.
D. how linguists carry out their research on Riau Indonesian.

男,18岁,从高处坠落,颈部挫伤,出现不完全性截瘫,X线片显示,颈,椎体骨折并向前脱位约30%,首选的治疗方案是

A. 切开复位内固定
B. 闭合复位外固定支架固定
C. 持续性骨牵引
D. 手法复位石膏外固定

Nowadays, children are apt to spend a lot of time playing computer games. Many parents point out that computer games have little educational value, so children should be prevented from computer games. What is your opinion Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view. In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

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