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The majority of people, about nine out of ten, are right-handed. (71) until recently, people who were left-handed were considered (72) , and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally (73) , but it is still a disadvantage in a world (74) most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and implements are still (75) for right-handed people.In sports (76) contrast, doing things with the left hand or foot is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking, punching or batting from the " (77) " side may result in throwing (78) many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the (79) of players who are right-handed. This is why, in many (80) at a professional level, a (81) proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.The word "right" in many languages means "correct" or is (82) with lawfulness, whereas the words associated (83) "left", such as "sinister", generally have (84) associations. Moreover, among a number of primitive peoples, there is (85) close association between death and the left hand.In the past, in (86) Western societies, children were often forced to use their right hands, especially to write with. In some cases the left hand was (87) behind the child’s back so that it could not be used. If, in the future, they are allowed to choose, (88) will certainly be more left-handers, and probably (89) people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their (90) hand. 79()

A. minority
B. majority
C. plenty
D. lack

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Every living thing has an inner biological clock that controls behavior. The clock works all the time even when there are no outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to leave the protective cocoon and fly away. And it tells animals when to eat, sleep and wake. It controls body temperature, the release of some hormones and even dreams. These natural daily events are circadian rhythms.Man has known about them for thousands of years. But the first scientific observation of circadian rhythms was not made until 1729. In that year French astronomer, Jean-Jacques d’Ortous de Mairan, noted that one of his plants opened its leaves at the same time every morning, and closed them at the same time every night. The plant did this even when he kept it in a dark place all the time. Later scientists wondered about circadian rhythms in humans. They learned that man’s biological clock actually keeps time with a day of a little less than 25 hours instead of the 24 hours on a man-made clock. About four years ago an American doctor, Eliot Weitzman, established a laboratory to study how our biological clock works. The people in his experiments are shut off from the outside world. They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms. Dr. Weitzman hopes his research will lead to effective treatments for common sleep problems and sleep disorders caused by aging and mental illness. The laboratory is in the Monteflore Hospital in New York City. It has two living areas with three small rooms in each. The windows are covered, so no sunlight or moonlight comes in. There are no radios or television receivers. There is a control room between the living areas. It contains computers, one-way cameras and other electronic devices for observing the person in the living area. The instruments measure heartbeat, body temperature, hormones in the blood, other substances in the urine and brain waves during sleep. A doctor or medical technician is on duty in the control room 24 hours a day during an experiment They do not work the same time each day and are not permitted to wear watches, so the person in the laboratory has no idea what time it is. In the first four years of research, Dr Weitzman and his assistant have observed 16 men between the ages of 21 and 80. The men remained in the laboratory for as long as six months. Last month, a science reporter for The New York Times newspaper, Dava Sobol, became the first woman to take part in the experiment. She entered the laboratory on June 13th and stayed for 25 days. Miss Sobol wrote reports about the experiment during that time, which were published in the newspaper. What is Mr. Weitzman’s ultimate purpose of establishing a laboratory()

A. He wanted to have his experiment report published in the newspapers
B. People are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms
C. He wanted to find a way to treat people’s diseases
D. He could gain some reputation for the first scientific observation of circadian

I myself first saw Samarkand from a rise across a wilderness of crumbling ruins and great graveyards which lie between it and the airport. Suddenly we caught a glimpse of painted towers and the great blue domes of mosques and tombs shouldering the full weight of the sky among bright green trees and gardens. Beyond the gardens and the glittering domes still were those watchful mountains and their evocative snow. I found myself thinking of the thrill I had on catching my first sight of Damascus after crossing the desert from Syria. The light, file orchards and many of the trees were the same but deeper still was the sense of coming into contact with one of the most astonishing cultures in history, the world of the one and only Allah and his prophet Muhammad. It was a world that completely overawed me.Yet the memory of Samarkand which stays with me most clearly is quite a humble one. Coming back to the city from the country on my last evening we passed some unusual elm trees and I stopped to have a look at them. They were, my guide told me, perhaps a thousand years old, older certainly than Genghis Khan. A flock of fat-tailed sheep (the same kind of sheep that my own ancestors saw a Hottentot keeping when they landed at the Cape of’ Good Hope 321 years ago), tended by some Tadshik children, moved slowly home in the distance. Then from the city came quite clearly the call to prayer from mosque and minaret. I had not expected any calls at all and it made no difference that some of the calls came over loud-speakers. Then beyond the trees an old man appeared on a donkey, dismounted, spread a prayer mat on the ground, and kneeling towards Mecca, he began to pray.From Samarkand I journeyed on to Bokhara which was once the holiest city in Central Asia. At one time it possessed over a hundred religious colleges and close to four hundred mosques. It drew adventurers of all races towards it as it did Marco Polo. Not many of them reached their destination. These days at what used to be one of the richest market places in the world, one buys ice-cream instead of slaves; watches and mass-produced trinkets and fizzy drinks instead of gold, silks and turquoise jewellery. Few of the four hundred mosques remain and most have vanished without even leaving a trace. The market has changed in character because now ()

A. it does sell jewellery
B. the holy men do not sell there
C. it sells goods for tourists and items of little value
D. the traders have disappeared because it is too dangerous to sell there

The majority of people, about nine out of ten, are right-handed. (71) until recently, people who were left-handed were considered (72) , and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally (73) , but it is still a disadvantage in a world (74) most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and implements are still (75) for right-handed people.In sports (76) contrast, doing things with the left hand or foot is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking, punching or batting from the " (77) " side may result in throwing (78) many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the (79) of players who are right-handed. This is why, in many (80) at a professional level, a (81) proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.The word "right" in many languages means "correct" or is (82) with lawfulness, whereas the words associated (83) "left", such as "sinister", generally have (84) associations. Moreover, among a number of primitive peoples, there is (85) close association between death and the left hand.In the past, in (86) Western societies, children were often forced to use their right hands, especially to write with. In some cases the left hand was (87) behind the child’s back so that it could not be used. If, in the future, they are allowed to choose, (88) will certainly be more left-handers, and probably (89) people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their (90) hand. 77()

A. proper
B. indirect
C. correct
D. wrong

The majority of people, about nine out of ten, are right-handed. (71) until recently, people who were left-handed were considered (72) , and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally (73) , but it is still a disadvantage in a world (74) most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and implements are still (75) for right-handed people.In sports (76) contrast, doing things with the left hand or foot is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking, punching or batting from the " (77) " side may result in throwing (78) many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the (79) of players who are right-handed. This is why, in many (80) at a professional level, a (81) proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.The word "right" in many languages means "correct" or is (82) with lawfulness, whereas the words associated (83) "left", such as "sinister", generally have (84) associations. Moreover, among a number of primitive peoples, there is (85) close association between death and the left hand.In the past, in (86) Western societies, children were often forced to use their right hands, especially to write with. In some cases the left hand was (87) behind the child’s back so that it could not be used. If, in the future, they are allowed to choose, (88) will certainly be more left-handers, and probably (89) people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their (90) hand. 90()

A. left
B. right
C. either
D. correct

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