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Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points) The clue lies in the Japanese name that has been adopted for them around the world: tsunami. (46) Formed from the characters for harbour and wave, and commemorated in the 19th-century woodblock print by Hokusai that decorates so many books and articles a bout the subject, the word shows that these sudden, devastating waves have mainly in the past occurred in the Pacific Ocean, ringed as it is by volcanoes and earthquake zones. Thanks to one tsunami in 1946 that killed 165 people, mainly in Hawaii, the countries around the Pacific have shared a tsunami warning centre ever since. (47) Those around the Indian Ocean have no such centre, being lucky enough not to have suffered many big tsunamis before and unlucky enough not to count the world’ s two biggest and most technologically advanced economies, the United States and Japan, among their number. So when, on December 26th, the world’ s strongest earthquake in 40 years shook the region, with its epicenter under the sea near the northernmost tip of the Indonesian archipelago, there was no established mechanism to pass warnings to the countries around the ocean’s shores. There would have been between 90 and 150 minutes in which to broad cast warnings by radio, television and loudspeaker in the areas most affected, the Indonesian province of Aceh, Sri Lanka and the Indian chain of the Andaman and Nicobar-islands. (48) Had such warnings been broadcast then many of the tens of thousands of lives lost would have been saved. (49) How many, nobody can know, for the task of evacuation would have been far from easy in many of these crowded, poor and low-lying coastal communities. Equally, though, it will probably never be known exactly how many people have died. (50) Whereas in many disasters the initial estimates of fatalities prove too high, the opposite is occurring in this case. Whereas in many disasters the initial estimates of fatalities prove too high, the opposite is occurring in this case.
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Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Even the Saudis--or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country--are giving ground in the struggle for women’ s rights. For sure, the recommendations (1) this week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of an (2) round of "national dialogue" concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. In the reformers-versus-reactionaries (3) test of whether women should be allowed to drive cars ( at present they cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whatever (4) of motion) , the king was merely asked to" (5) a body to study a public transport system for women to facilitate mobility". (6) mention, of course, of the right to vote--but then that has been (7) to men too, though local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoise’ s progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all is (8) --and hopeful. It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights for women are being demanded (9) across the whole of the Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made women’ s rights part of their appeal for greater democracy in (10) they now officially call the "broader Middle East" , to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans against seeking to (11) their own values on societies with such different traditions and (12) Many leading Muslims have (13) the culturally imperious Americans of seeking to (14) Is lam. The (15) for more democracy in the Muslim world issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was watered down for fear of giving (16) Yet, despite the Arabs’ prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, even (17) many Arab leaders, none of whom is directly elected by the people, are understandably (18) of reforms that could lead to their own toppling. Never before have women’ s rights in the Arab world been so (19) debated. That (20) is cause to rejoice. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.12（）
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Even the Saudis--or rather, the small number of men who actually rule their troubled country--are giving ground in the struggle for women’ s rights. For sure, the recommendations (1) this week to Crown Prince Abdullah at the end of an (2) round of "national dialogue" concentrating on the role of women were fairly tame. In the reformers-versus-reactionaries (3) test of whether women should be allowed to drive cars ( at present they cannot do so in the kingdom, nor can they travel unaccompanied, by whatever (4) of motion) , the king was merely asked to" (5) a body to study a public transport system for women to facilitate mobility". (6) mention, of course, of the right to vote--but then that has been (7) to men too, though local elections, on an apparently universal franchise, are supposed to be held in October. In sum, it is a tortoise’ s progress. But the very fact of the debate happening at all is (8) --and hopeful. It is not just in Saudi Arabia that more rights for women are being demanded (9) across the whole of the Arab and Muslim world. The pushy Americans have made women’ s rights part of their appeal for greater democracy in (10) they now officially call the "broader Middle East" , to include non-Arab Muslim countries such as Iran, Turkey and even Afghanistan. Many Arabs have cautioned the Americans against seeking to (11) their own values on societies with such different traditions and (12) Many leading Muslims have (13) the culturally imperious Americans of seeking to (14) Is lam. The (15) for more democracy in the Muslim world issued by leaders of the eight biggest industrial countries was watered down for fear of giving (16) Yet, despite the Arabs’ prickliness, the Americans have helped pep up a debate that is now bubbling fiercely in the Arab world, even (17) many Arab leaders, none of whom is directly elected by the people, are understandably (18) of reforms that could lead to their own toppling. Never before have women’ s rights in the Arab world been so (19) debated. That (20) is cause to rejoice. Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.8（）
"Long" and "short" are a pair of ______ antonyms.
Part B Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41- 45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) (41) _____________________________________ Through laziness and cowardice a large part of mankind, even after nature has freed them from alien guidance, gladly remain immature. It is because of laziness and coward ice that it is so easy for others to usurp the role of guardians. It is so comfortable to be a minor! If I have a book which provides meaning for me, a doctor who will judge my diet for me and so on, then I do not need to exert myself. I do not have any need to think; if I can pay, others will take over the tedious job for me. The guardians who have kindly undertaken the supervision will see to it that by far the largest part of mankind, including the entire "beautiful sex," should consider the step into maturity, not only as difficult but as very dangerous. (42) _____________________________________ It is difficult for the isolated individual to work himself out of the immaturity which has become almost natural for him. He has even become fond of it and for the time being is incapable of employing his own intelligence, because he has never been allowed to make the attempt. Statues and formulas, these mechanical tools of a serviceable use, or rather misuse, of his natural faculties, are the ankle-chains of a continuous immaturity. Whoever threw it off would make an uncertain jump over the smallest trench because he is not accustomed to such free movement. Therefore there are only a few who have pursued a firm path and have succeeded in escaping from immaturity by their own cultivation of the mind. But it is more nearly possible for a public to enlighten itself: this is even inescapable if only the public is given its freedom. For there will always be some people who think for themselves, even among the self-appointed guardians of the great mass who, after having thrown off the yoke of immaturity themselves, will spread about them the spirit of a reasonable estimate of their own value and of the need for every man to think for himself... (43) _____________________________________ Through revolution, the abandonment of personal despotism may be engendered and the end of profit - seeking and domineering oppression may occur, but never a true reform of the state of mind. Instead, new prejudices, just like the old ones, will serve as the guiding reins of the great, unthinking mass. (44) _____________________________________ But I hear people clamor on all sides: Don’ t argue! The officer says: Don’ t argue, drill ! The tax collector: Don’ t argue, pay ! The pastor: Don’ t argue, believe !... Here we have restrictions on freedom everywhere. Which restriction is hampering enlightenment, and which does not, or even promotes it I answer: The public use of a man’ s reason must be free at all times, and this alone can bring enlightenment among men... The question may now be put: Do we live at present in an enlightened age (45) _____________________________________[A] All that is required for this enlightenment is freedom; and particularly the least harmful of that may be called freedom, namely, the freedom for man to make public use of his reason in all matters.[B] Enlightenment is man’s leaving his self-caused immaturity. Immaturity is the incapacity to use one’ s intelligence without the guidance of another. Such immaturity is self-caused if it is not caused by lack of intelligence, but by lack of determination and courage to use one’ s intelligence without being guided by another. Have the courage to use your own intelligence ! It is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment.[C] The answer is: No, but in an age of enlightenment. Much still prevents men from being placed in a position to use their own minds securely and well in matters of religion. But we do have very definite indications that this field of endeavor is being opened up for men to work freely and reduce gradually the hindrances preventing a general enlightenment and an escape from self-caused immaturity.[D] I call this soaring wealth and shrinking spirit "the American paradox." More than ever, we have big houses and broken homes, high incomes and low morale, secured rights and diminished civility. We excel at making a living but often fail at making a life. We celebrate our prosperity but yearn for purpose. We cherish our freedoms but long for connection. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. [E] A public can only arrive at enlightenment slowly.[F] After having made their domestic animals dumb and having carefully prevented these quiet creatures from daring to take any step beyond the lead-strings to which they have fastened them, these guardians then show them the danger which threatens them, should they attempt to walk alone. Now this danger is not really so very great; for they would presumably learn to walk after some stumbling. However, an example of this kind intimidates and frightens people out of all further attempts.[G] Attitudes about divorce have dramatically changed. In the past, it was seen as the last resort of a woman who had been beaten up or cheated on. Women were victims. Today many women choose to get divorced because they think they will have a better life as a SINDI than by staying in a stale marriage. In 74 percent of cases it is women who now instigate divorce proceedings. 43
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