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Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD countries.And early retirement places an unsustainable burden on (62) financing. There is no easy (63) to this problem, but delaying retirement could help.Retiring early has become so ingrained (根深蒂固的) in OECD countries that these days it is almost an individual professional (64) . It is even possible to drum (65) economic arguments in its favor: retirees spend money (66) save it, for instance, and are valuable for such sectors as tourism. Retiring early, some argue, frees up jobs for younger recruits and helps to (67) productivity. To many, retirement is a hard-earned right, and (68) the earlier the better.All very well, but the reality is quite (69) . Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially (70) one, and, as far as public pensions are concerned, quite unsustainable. The (71) reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That (72) more retirees depending on the funding of those in work for their income. The (73) is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates (出生率) and rising life expectancy (平均寿命) in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to rise 74 in size. Public pension payments, which pay 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are expected to rise, (75) average, by over 3% percentage points in GDP and by 8% points in some countries. Such is the (76) on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they (77) or felt they paid for.Action is needed, (78) simply aiming to reduce the generosity (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to augment (扩大) the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be insufficient to deal with the dependency (79) . After years of advancing early retirement schemes to (80) redundancies and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking at (81) people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less strenuous (费劲的) and unemployment is down, then perhaps the present rate should rise anew. 78（）
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Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD countries.And early retirement places an unsustainable burden on (62) financing. There is no easy (63) to this problem, but delaying retirement could help.Retiring early has become so ingrained (根深蒂固的) in OECD countries that these days it is almost an individual professional (64) . It is even possible to drum (65) economic arguments in its favor: retirees spend money (66) save it, for instance, and are valuable for such sectors as tourism. Retiring early, some argue, frees up jobs for younger recruits and helps to (67) productivity. To many, retirement is a hard-earned right, and (68) the earlier the better.All very well, but the reality is quite (69) . Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially (70) one, and, as far as public pensions are concerned, quite unsustainable. The (71) reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That (72) more retirees depending on the funding of those in work for their income. The (73) is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates (出生率) and rising life expectancy (平均寿命) in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to rise 74 in size. Public pension payments, which pay 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are expected to rise, (75) average, by over 3% percentage points in GDP and by 8% points in some countries. Such is the (76) on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they (77) or felt they paid for.Action is needed, (78) simply aiming to reduce the generosity (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to augment (扩大) the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be insufficient to deal with the dependency (79) . After years of advancing early retirement schemes to (80) redundancies and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking at (81) people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less strenuous (费劲的) and unemployment is down, then perhaps the present rate should rise anew. 69（）
Drugs have been a part of the American story since the very first day Columbus landed in the New World. The Taino Indians (36) Columbus with a gift of tobacco, which would go on to become one of the most important drugs in our history. And if drugs have existed since the beginning, so have drug problems. And so have (37) to solve those drug problems.Since the 19th century when Americans first discovered new (38) drugs like heroin and cocaine, the whole society has (39) the problem of drug abuse and (40) When the 20th century began, the United States— (41) with its first drug epidemic — gradually set up (42) restrictions: at home through domestic law (43) and overseas by starting a world movement to limit opium and coca crops. (44) . The first epidemic was forgotten.During the 1960s, drugs like marijuana and psychedelics came on the scene, and a new generation embraced drugs. (45) . In 1973, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration was created to enforce federal drug laws. In the 1970s, cocaine reappeared. Then, a decade later, crack appeared, spreading addiction and violence at epidemic levels.Today, the DEA’s biggest challenge is the dramatic change in organized crime. (46) 39（）
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD countries.And early retirement places an unsustainable burden on (62) financing. There is no easy (63) to this problem, but delaying retirement could help.Retiring early has become so ingrained (根深蒂固的) in OECD countries that these days it is almost an individual professional (64) . It is even possible to drum (65) economic arguments in its favor: retirees spend money (66) save it, for instance, and are valuable for such sectors as tourism. Retiring early, some argue, frees up jobs for younger recruits and helps to (67) productivity. To many, retirement is a hard-earned right, and (68) the earlier the better.All very well, but the reality is quite (69) . Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially (70) one, and, as far as public pensions are concerned, quite unsustainable. The (71) reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That (72) more retirees depending on the funding of those in work for their income. The (73) is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates (出生率) and rising life expectancy (平均寿命) in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to rise 74 in size. Public pension payments, which pay 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are expected to rise, (75) average, by over 3% percentage points in GDP and by 8% points in some countries. Such is the (76) on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they (77) or felt they paid for.Action is needed, (78) simply aiming to reduce the generosity (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to augment (扩大) the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be insufficient to deal with the dependency (79) . After years of advancing early retirement schemes to (80) redundancies and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking at (81) people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less strenuous (费劲的) and unemployment is down, then perhaps the present rate should rise anew. 71（）
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