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21．阅读以下材料： 材料一：鸦片战争前，散布在世界各地的华侨大约已达百万，其中大部分是广东人。由于他们的媒介作用，加上西方的商人和传教士频频东来，不少西方文化都是通过广东传入的。例如，中国第一间西式学堂——马礼逊学堂是在1835年开始筹办并于1839年正式在澳门(当时属广东管辖)成立的。容闳和中国第一位西医黄宽都出自这间学校。l827年至1829年间则有西式医院先后在澳门、广州建立。种牛痘是1805年传入广州的。世界上第一部《华英字典》则于l817—1823年间在广东编成和出版。 材料二：鸦片战争后的三十年间，这种开放性没有发展成为当时岭南(主要指广东)文化的主流。当时岭南文化的主流实质就是清帝国官方的意识形态。从鸦片战争结束至太平天国覆灭、洋务运动兴起的二十多年中，岭南文化显示出难以想象的封闭性。正因为跳不出官方的意识形态牢笼，在岭南文化圈内没有培育出杰出的思想家，也没有写出像《海国图志》那样震撼人心的著作。岭南地区的文化基础本来就不深厚。岭南这个曾是中国唯一内外交通的孔道不但没有成为现代化赖以起步的基地，反让排外情绪占了上风。 材料三：19世纪70年代以后的一些岭南人，成了无愧于时代的文化巨子。在鸦片战争结束半个世纪以后，康有为、梁启超、孙中山……，一颗颗启明星在岭南的地平线上接连升起。 ——以上材料均摘自《现代与传统》第一辑 回答： 结合所学知识分析，70年代后，岭南文化能孕育出“无愧于时代的文化巨子”的主要原因有哪些他们对清朝晚期的政治产生了那些重大影响（4分）
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21．阅读以下材料： 材料一：鸦片战争前，散布在世界各地的华侨大约已达百万，其中大部分是广东人。由于他们的媒介作用，加上西方的商人和传教士频频东来，不少西方文化都是通过广东传入的。例如，中国第一间西式学堂——马礼逊学堂是在1835年开始筹办并于1839年正式在澳门(当时属广东管辖)成立的。容闳和中国第一位西医黄宽都出自这间学校。l827年至1829年间则有西式医院先后在澳门、广州建立。种牛痘是1805年传入广州的。世界上第一部《华英字典》则于l817—1823年间在广东编成和出版。 材料二：鸦片战争后的三十年间，这种开放性没有发展成为当时岭南(主要指广东)文化的主流。当时岭南文化的主流实质就是清帝国官方的意识形态。从鸦片战争结束至太平天国覆灭、洋务运动兴起的二十多年中，岭南文化显示出难以想象的封闭性。正因为跳不出官方的意识形态牢笼，在岭南文化圈内没有培育出杰出的思想家，也没有写出像《海国图志》那样震撼人心的著作。岭南地区的文化基础本来就不深厚。岭南这个曾是中国唯一内外交通的孔道不但没有成为现代化赖以起步的基地，反让排外情绪占了上风。 材料三：19世纪70年代以后的一些岭南人，成了无愧于时代的文化巨子。在鸦片战争结束半个世纪以后，康有为、梁启超、孙中山……，一颗颗启明星在岭南的地平线上接连升起。 ——以上材料均摘自《现代与传统》第一辑 回答： 根据材料二，鸦片战争后一段时间内岭南文化仍然表现出封闭性，原因主要有哪些（3分）
女，60岁，因右胸剧烈疼痛，上眼睑下垂，瞳孔缩小，经X线摄片见右上肺尖有一3cm×2cm叶状阴影，少量胸腔积液，胸腔积液涂片检到癌细胞，应首选
“亚洲的觉醒”时期，唤起亚洲各国人民民族民主意识的运动，除了下层人民的斗争外，还有（ ）
Questions 66 - 70 are based on the following reading passage. You are going to read a list of headings and a text about E-Commerce. Choose the most suitable headings from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph(66 - 70). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.A. History of E-CommerceB. The function of E-CommerceC. Disadvantages of E-CommerceD. Economic ImpactE. Advantages of E-CommerceF. The Future of E-Commerce Electronic commerce or E-Commerce has developed very rapidly in the last few years and has left some people wondering what it is all about. " Most people think E-Commerce is just about buying and selling things over the Internet. " E-Commerce is a broad term describing the electronic exchange of business data between two or more organizations" computers. Some examples might be the electronic filing of your income tax return, on-line services like Prodigy, and on-line billing for services or products received. E-Commerce also includes buying and selling any item over the Internet , electronic fund transfer, smart cards, and all other methods of conducting business over digital net-works.【R11】______ Electronic commerce was built on a foundation that was started more than 125 years ago with Western Union"s money transfer as an example of telegraph technology. In the early 1900s the advent of credit cards as a payment system revolutionized the process of automated commerce functions. In the mid 1980s the introduction of the ATM card was the latest improvement to electronic commerce. The Internet was conceived in 1969 when the Department of Defense began funding the research of computer networking. The Internet, as a means for commerce, did not become reality until the 1990s. Before this time, it was mainly a tool for the army, and a research device for some American universities. Its popularity grew when it proved to become a fast and efficient means to conduct long distance transactions, as well as an effective way to distribute information.【R12】______ Clearly, E-Commerce will change the face of business forever. Companies that are thousands of miles away can complete business transactions in a matter of seconds as well as exchange information. Without a doubt, the Internet is ushering in an era of sweeping change that will leave no business or industry untouched. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for nerds into a vast communications and trading center where some 90 million people swap information or do deals around the world.【R13】______ The primary advantage that E-Commerce possesses is speed. The Internet and World Wide Web give businesses opportunities to exchange messages or complete transactions almost instantaneously. By using the Internet, marketing, distribution, personnel, phone, postage and printing costs, among many others, can he reduced. You can start doing business in cyberspace for as little as $ 100. Cyberspace knows no national boundaries. That means you can do business all over the world as easily as you can in your own neighborhood.【R14】______ A potential source of trouble is customer concerns with privacy and security. The concern regarding Internet security and privacy is that unscrupulous hackers can capture credit card or checking account data as it is transferred or break into computers that hold the same information. E-Commerce is based on the assumption that the participants will pay for what they buy. There has been a noted reluctance among Internet users to actually pay, particularly for the digital goods and services. As a result, much of the current business on the Internet is funded using business models other than user-pays, primarily advertising and sponsorship.【R15】______ Rest assured the future of E-Commerce is intact and ever changing. "Like electricity, antibiotics, or the car, the Internet is a revolutionary technology. " It is quite evident that E-Commerce is only gaining speed. With Internet traffic doubling every 100 days the digital economy is alive and growing. The huge growth of virtual communities is causing shifts in economic power from large corporations to smaller businesses. With many of the technological advances in the banking, on-line trading and retail industries, E-Commerce will soon become the foundation of our life just as radio, telephone and television have in the past. With the steady growth of the Internet, and the fact that every year more and more families are plugging in and surfing the web, can a company survive without the use of the Internet and E-Com-merce Probably, but not for long. The Internet and E-Commerce are here to stay, so businesses can either change with the times, or get left behind. The choice is theirs to make. 【R14】
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