Three-year-old Jack has been up half the night, screaming with pain. Now, he is in the doctor's surgery, where his GP reports that Jack's eardrum is red and inflamed.
The little boy's mum is pleased because that means the doctor will prescribe an antibiotic(抗菌素). And that means that Jack will get better very soon. Most of us, adults and children alike, are comfortable with antibiotics. While no one denies that many family doctors prescribe antibiotic too freely, huge quantities of the drugs are pumped into patients before, during and after surgery to prevent infection.
About 70 million presciptions for them are written each year in England and Wales—the equivalent of dosing(剂量) every man, woman and child with one-and-a-half courses. We take them for everyday ailments such as acne(粉刺), infected cuts, dental abscesses(脓肿) and so on. We see them as an essential safety net to prevent a trivial complaint turning serious. But now! Everything we thought we knew. about antibiotics is being challenged by the experts.
Dr. Gruneberg says: Even when the cause is bacterial, there is often no need for treatment because we can use our natural defence systems to fight Off the illness. But ills not just unnecessary prescriptions which cause problems. Apparently the actual courses of antibiotics are longer than necessary, increasing the risks of resistance to the drugs.
Dr. Andrew Swan, a consultant microbiologist in Leicester, says: "If you have recovered from your infection after a couple of days of treatment, and it wasn't too serious in the first place, carrying on with the tablets is adding to the problems of resistance."
Dr. Swan is also concerned about the growing popularity of the newer broad-spectrum antibiotics (谱抗菌素 ), which can kill a wide range of bacteria. He explains: "The more bacteria killed off, the greater the risk that the treament will chase off harmless organisms and allow those which are resistant to drugs to multiply."
From the passage we can learn that ______.
A. Jack's trouble is serious
B. the family doctor has been called in
C. people depend too much on antibiotics for small infection
D. most people prefer antibiotics to any other medicine
A.The churches.B.The program designers.C.The local authorities.D.The state government.
A. The churches.
B. The program designers.
C. The local authorities.
D. The state government.
A.To introduce the woman to someone who has researched blushing.B.To illustrate the be
A. To introduce the woman to someone who has researched blushing.
B. To illustrate the benefits of a public-speaking class.
C. To give an example of someone who blushes easily.
D. To example a way to overcome blushing.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文: Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in file United States. As a result, they are more expensive to attend. The religious schools in America are usually run by churches. Therefore they tend to be less expensive than private schools. When there is free education available to all children in the United States, why do people spend money on private schools? Americans offer a great variety of reasons for doing so. Some parents send their children to private schools because the classes there are usually smaller. In their opinion the public schools in their area are not of high enough quality to meet their needs. Private schools in the United States range widely in size and quality, and they offer all kinds of programs to meet the needs of certain students.
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A. The number of students they take in is limited.
B. They receive little or no support from public taxes.
C. They are only open to children from rich families.
D. They have to pay more taxes.