What distinguishes planetary boundaries from earlier concepts for instance the ecological footprint or limits to growth?(Please select one answer)
A. Earlier concepts have made assumptions regarding technological development and human demand for natural resources, comparing these to the ecological state. Planetary boundaries does not.
B. The scientific quality and truly global scope of the analysis compared to earlier attempts
C. The fact that planetary boundaries has found its way into the global policy debate and the discussions of the United Nations
D. Planetary boundaries is a purely subjective set of numbers for processes that operate at the global scale independent of human actions
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What are the two pieces of scientific evidence that inspired the development of planetary boundaries?(Please select one answer)
A. Pies and Cones
B. Dennis and Donella Meadows Limits to Growth + Spaceship Earth by Kenneth Boulding
C. The Gaia Hypothesis of James Lovelock + The tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin
D. Evidence that we are in the Anthropocene + The recognition of global-scale tipping points
Which of the following terms have you heard before? Check all that apply. We suggest you look up any terms you are not familiar with.
Anthropocene
B. Social-ecological system
C. Planetary boundaries
D. Tragedy of the commons
E. Systems thinking
F. Sustainable Development Goals
G. Ecosystem services
H. Sustainable agriculture
I. Ecological economics
J. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
K. Resilience
L. The Great Acceleration
M. Earth system science
Forests are one of the most impacted ecosystems as a result of land use change. What percentage of the Amazon rainforest do you think has been lost? What is that land used for now?
A. 5-10%; urban development
B. 10-20%; agriculture
C. 30-40%; urban development
D. more than 50%; agriculture
According to the headline statements of the IPCC Report summary, what are four enabling factors that are important for adaptation and mitigation responses?(Please select one answer)
A. Life choices, innovation, effective institutions and governance, sustainable livelihoods
B. Sustainable livelihoods, behavioural choices, investments in environmentally sound technologies and biotechnology
C. Behavioural and lifestyle choices, sustainable livelihoods, effective infrastructure and economic development
D. Investments in environmentally sound technologies and infrastructure, effective institution and governance, biodiversity and lifestyle choices
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