Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion—a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: They could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: People would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: In a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members or groups. Society’’s economic underpinnings (基础) would be destroyed: Since there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us—hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life—from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society explains our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts. Emotions are significant for man’’s survival and adaptation because________.
A. they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objects
B. they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained
C. they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements
D. they generate more love than hate among people
人们在一些几乎从不使用的小器具、小玩意上浪费的金钱数额令人吃惊。例如:我兄弟两年前用100元买了一个电子冰淇淋制作机,时至今日他只用过三次。而他坚持说,不管他使用这个冰淇淋机的次数多少,这次投资是划算的,因为( )。
A. 将来冰淇淋价钱会上涨
B. 他买这个冰淇淋机是为了获得需要时即能使用的便利
C. 由于使用频率这么低,他节约了大量电能
D. 由于通货膨胀,今天的100元已不像两年前值那么多了
小魏、小雷、小戴三个同学参加了今年的高考,考完后在一起议论: 小魏说:“我肯定考上重点大学”。小雷说:“重点大学我是考不上了”。小戴说:“要是不论重点不重点,我考上是没有问题的”。发榜结果表明,三人中考上重点大学、一般大学和没有考上的各一人,并且他们三人的预言只有一个是对的,另外两个人的预言都同事实恰好相反。可见( )。
A. 小魏考上一般大学,小雷没考上,小戴考上重点大学
B. 小魏考上一般大学,小雷考上重点大学,小戴没有考上
C. 小魏没考上,小雷考上重点大学,小戴考上一般大学
D. 小魏没考上,小雷考上一般大学,小戴考上重点大学