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Task 4In general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy anti pure mathematics than did the Greeks. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers anti architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry, and they applied their knowledge to the constructions of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts, and public buildings.They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.There are two reasons for the Romans neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped by the rigidity of their numerical system. The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modem computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics. By saying that the ancient Romans were "practical", the writer means （）.
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Task 3The difficulties that would have to be encountered by anyone who attempted to explore the Moon would be incomparably greater than those that have to be faced in the endeavor to reach the summit of Mount Jolmo Lungma. In two respects only would the lunar explorer have the advantage. In the first place movement would be less fatiguing because the gravitational pull of the Moon is not very great, the weight of the Moon being only about one - eightieth of that of the Earth. If the Moon had an atmosphere like that of the Earth, a man playing golf on the Moon would find that he could drive his ball for a mile without much difficulty. The second advantage the lunar explorer would have over the climbers on Mount Jolmo Lungma would be the absence of strong wind to contend against. The Moon having no atmosphere, there can be no wind nor, of course, can there be any noise, for sound is carried by the air. The Moon is a world that is completely still and where utter silence prevails. It can be inferred from the passage that（）.
Task 4In general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy anti pure mathematics than did the Greeks. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers anti architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry, and they applied their knowledge to the constructions of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts, and public buildings.They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.There are two reasons for the Romans neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped by the rigidity of their numerical system. The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modem computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics. The Romans neglected pure theories because（）.
Task 2The Swedes are among the most charming peoples in Europe. And their charm comes from an apparent contradiction in the national character, They are extremely conservative in social relationships; within the family and when meeting friends and business acquaintances, their conduct is governed by strict social patterns. At the same time, they are one of the most intellectually progressive people in the world. They are always open to new ideas.All social occasions in Sweden are regulated by rules and traditions. And these traditions are expressed in a specific ritual made up of formal bows, handshakes, and greetings. When a visitor enters a Swedish home, he is invariably received with a "Welcome"; when he leaves, his host will tell him "You will be welcome again." These charming phrases are an indestructible part of Swedish social life and they give it an old - world flavor of good manners, When you visit a Swedish family, most probably you will receive all the following except（）.
Task 2The Swedes are among the most charming peoples in Europe. And their charm comes from an apparent contradiction in the national character, They are extremely conservative in social relationships; within the family and when meeting friends and business acquaintances, their conduct is governed by strict social patterns. At the same time, they are one of the most intellectually progressive people in the world. They are always open to new ideas.All social occasions in Sweden are regulated by rules and traditions. And these traditions are expressed in a specific ritual made up of formal bows, handshakes, and greetings. When a visitor enters a Swedish home, he is invariably received with a "Welcome"; when he leaves, his host will tell him "You will be welcome again." These charming phrases are an indestructible part of Swedish social life and they give it an old - world flavor of good manners, Which statement can best summarize the main idea of the second paragraph（）
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