题目内容
According to psychologists (心理学家), an emotion is aroused when a man or animal views something as either bad or good. When a person feels like running away from something he thinks will hurt him, we call this emotion fear. If the person wants to remove the danger by attacking it, we call the emotion anger. The emotions of joy and love are aroused when we think something can help us. An emotion does not have to be created by something in the outside world. It can be created by a person’s thoughts. Everyone has emotions. Many psychologists believe that infants are born without emotions. They believe children learn emotions just as they learn to read and write. A growing child not only learns his emotions but learns how to act in certain situations because of an emotion. Psychologists think that there are two types of emotion, positive and negative. Positive emotions include love, liking, joy, delight, and hope. They are aroused by something that appeals to a person. Negative emotions make a person unhappy or dissatisfied. They include anger, fear, despair, sadness, and disgust. In growing up, a person learns to cope with the negative emotions in order to be happy. Emotions may be weak or strong. Some strong emotions are so unpleasant that a person will try any means to escape from them. In order to feel happy, the person may choose unusual ways to avoid the emotion. Strong emotions can make it hard to think and to solve problems. They may prevent a person from learning or paying attention to what he is doing. For example, a student taking an examination may be so worried about failing that he cannot think properly. The worry drains valuable mental energy he needs for the examination. The word "drains" (Para. 5) means ______.
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Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Smoking is considered dangerous to the health. Our tobacco-seller Mr. Johnson, therefore, always asks his 1 if they are very young, and whom the cigarettes are bought for. One day, a little girl whom he had never seen 2 walked boldly into his shop and demanded twenty cigarettes. She had the exact 3 of money in her hand and seemed very 4 of herself. Mr. Johnson was 5 surprised by her confident manner that he 6 to ask his usual question. 7 , he asked her what kind of cigarettes she wanted. The girl replied readily and 8 him the money. While he was giving her 9 cigarette, Mr. Johnson said laughingly that 10 she was so young she should 11 the packet in her pocket in 12 a policeman saw it. 13 , the little girl did not seem to find this very 14 . Without even smiling she took the packet and walked 15 the door. Suddenly she stopped, turned 16 and looked steadily at Mr. Johnson. There was a moment of silence and the tobacco-seller 17 what she was going to say. And at once, 18 a clear, firm voice, the girl 19 , "My dad is a policeman," and with 20 she walked quickly out of the shop.
Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between "being a writer" and "writing". In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer". The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. The writer mentions his 20-year career in the U. S. Coast Guard in order to show ______.
Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s a big difference between "being a writer" and "writing". In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hour alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer". The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (自由栏目) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering: What if I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. The writer would use all the following words to describe his life as a writer except ______.
Questions 14-16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
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