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案例分析题To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against the rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it， but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese， way back in the eleventh century B.C. We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. （81）And there was a strange thing connected with its use； it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times， the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office. In Europe， the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages， the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the 16th century. And again it became a symbol of power and authority. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time， though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twenties century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage？（）
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There are some （） flowers on the table.
Since he left the University， he （） in an accounting company.
（85） Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are disturbed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the price of all the products brought and sold in the economy as well as those of numerous services， including labor， professional transportation， and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the system of prices. The prices of any particular product or service are linked to a broad， complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less on everything else. If one were to ask randomly （随机地） a group of individuals to define price， many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction （交易）. This definition is， of course， valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction， much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount， but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged， the time and place at which the exchange will take place and the payment will be made， the form of money to be used， and the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction， guarantees on the product or service， delivery terms， return privileges， and other factors that comprise the total package being exchanged for the asked-for amount in order that they may evaluate a given price. According to the passage， the price system is related primarily to （）.
A question often put to the specialist on fishes is ―How long do fishes live？‖ This puts the specialists in an embarrassing position because he is often unable to give a direct answer to this simple question. But actually this question is not as simple as it seems. There are thousands of different kinds of fishes， and they vary a great deal in size and life span. Moreover， it is not easy to find out just how long a fish lives in its natural state. We can find out how old a fish is by studying its scales， but we cannot say how much more time it would live if we had not caught it. We may rear fishes and record their life span but we cannot be sure that this is the length of time they would have lived， had they been left alone. We may make marking to show how fast the fishes grow so that we can calculate the age of the largest on record， but unless this large fish dies of old age we are still not in a position to know its natural life span. （82） unlike human beings， fishes do not stop growing when they reach maturity. They continue to grow as long as they live， although the rate of growth slows down in mature fishes. We can know a fish’s age from its （）.
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