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2003年至2007年全国大中型工业企业科技指标情况表 单位 2003年 2004年 2005年 2006年 2007年 企业总数 个 22276 21776 22904 23096 22276 高有科技机构企业的比重 % 32 28.4 26.2 25.3 24.9 科技人员 万人 156.4 138.7 136.8 136.7 141.1 科技人员占从业人员的比例 % 4.6 4.78 4.88 5 4.5 科技经费 亿元 665.4 922.81 1046.65 1213.03 1588.61 科技经费占销售额的比例 % 1.35 1.65 1.67 1.73 1.65 全国大中型工业企业的从业人员数量最多的年份是( )。
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案例分析题When your child becomes a teenager, you’re well over halfway through the job of raising them, and you have only a few years left to instill all those values and principles you want them to go into adult life with. And suddenly, they look as if they’re throwing away all the work you’ve put in up to now. But actually, if you just keep your head, and follow these essential teenage Rules, you’ll find you come out the other end with a terrific adult you can really be proud of.41.______Unless your child is putting themselves in serious danger, you really do have to put up with it. The more you try to tell them, the more you push them in the opposite direction. They’re looking for something to kick at, to rebel against, because they’re programmed to. The more force you use, the more they’ll use. Remember Newton’s third law of motion For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. So what can you do when you see them going wrong You can tell them what you think, but don’t tell them what to do.42.______Teenagers are up to things you don’t want to know about. For example, your daughter has gone further than you’d like with her boyfriend. And they’ve almost certainly been offered drugs, but they won’t have any evidence of it hanging around in their room, so there’s no point looking under the mattress or reading their secret diary.And what are you going to do about it — confront them I think not. You’ll severely damage your relationship, and they’ll just keep them under the floorboards instead.Maybe you should think back to the things you did as a teenager that you didn’t want your parents to know about. See Your kids are just being perfectly normal teenagers.43. ______It’s one of the many paradoxes of teenagers. On the one hand, they want to rebel, to shock you, to do things that get to you, and on the other hand, they want your approval and your goodwill. So when you criticize your teenager’s choices, you criticize them. It’s an age of fragile egos and easily knocked self-esteem, and it’s easy to make your teenager feel that you disapprove, or even that you don’t like them. Whether it’s their music or their politics or the way they dress or their decision to become vegetarian, they need to know that it’s okay with you.44.______You started off with 18 years and counting. How many have you got left Because when you get to zero, they’ll be on their own. I know parents who are still looking after their kids when they’re 18. And the kids, not being crazy, let them do it. It takes two to play that game. You know your child’s strengths and weaknesses as well as anyone. So think through what they still need to learn, and make sure they do. If they’re hopeless with money, teach them to budget. Get them to do the family shopping for a week on your usual budget, or get firm about not paying to fill up their car beyond the agreed amount.45. ______Your kids need to know what is and isn’t acceptable. And they judge that by what was and wasn’t okay yesterday and the day before. If they’re not getting a consistent message, they’re clueless as to how they have to behave, and those all important boundaries aren’t being properly maintained. That means the kids feel confused, insecure, and perhaps even unloved.If you’ve decided that you don’t allow the kids to stay late outside, you have to stick to it. Just because your little one was a bit sad about something today, and you’re feeling a bit down yourself anyway... no, no, no ! Stop right there ! Let them come back at once and it will be ten times harder to say no to them next time, and they won’t understand why. Say no now and you’re only being cruel to be kind. 45（）
不同园林树木在施肥种类、用量、方法上都有差异，应根据不同财政部灵活掌握。
简答题 Directions:Suppose that Jack, a friend of yours, has invited you to his birthday party, but you cannot go for some reasons. Write a letter to make an apology to him.1) Give your suggestions, and explain the reasons,2) Other recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use" Zhang Wei" instead. Do not write your address.
案例分析题One of the many pleasures of watching Mad Men, a television drama about the advertising industry in the early 1960s, is examining the ways in which office life has changed over the years. One obvious change makes people feel good about themselves: they no longer treat women as second-class citizens. But the other obvious change makes them feel a bit more uneasy: they have lost the art of enjoying themselves at work.The ad-men in those days enjoyed simple pleasures. They puffed away at their desks. They drank throughout the day. They had affairs with their colleagues. They socialised not in order to bond, but in order to get drunk. Nowadays many companies are obsessed with fun. Software firms in Silicon Valley have installed rock-climbing walls in their reception areas and put inflatable animals in their offices. Wal-Mart orders its cashiers to smile at all and sundry. The cult of fun has spread like some disgusting haemorrhagic disease.This cult of fun is driven by three of the most popular management fads of the moment: empowerment, engagement and creativity. Many companies pride themselves on devolving power to front-line workers. But surveys show that only 20% of workers are" fully engaged with their job ". Even fewer are creative. Managers hope that " fun" will magically make workers more engaged and creative. But the problem is that as soon as fun becomes part of a corporate strategy it ceases to be fun and becomes its opposite—at best an empty shell and at worst a tiresome imposition.The most unpleasant thing about the fashion for fun is that it is mixed with a large dose of pressure. Boston Pizza encourages workers to send" golden bananas" to colleagues who are "having fun while being the best". Behind the" fun" there often lurks some crude management thinking: a desire to brand the company as better than its rivals, or a plan to boost productivity through team-building. Twitter even boasts that it has" worked hard to create an environment that spawns productivity and happiness".While imposing fake fun on their employees, companies are battling against the real thing. Many force smokers to huddle outside like furtive criminals. Few allow their employees to drink at lunch time, let alone earlier in the day. A regiment of busybodies— from lawyers to human resources functionaries—is waging war on office romance, particularly between people of different ranks.The merchants of fake fun have met some resistance. When Wal-Mart tried to impose alien rules on its German staff—such as compulsory smiling and a ban on affairs with coworkers—it touched off a guerrilla war that ended only when the supermarket chain announced it was pulling out of Germany in 2006. But such victories are rare. For most wage slaves forced to pretend they are having fun at work, the only relief is to poke fun at their tormentors. Mad Men reminds people of a world they have lost—a world where bosses did not tbink that"fun" was a management tool and where employees could happily quaff Scotch at noon. Cheers to that. By citing Wal-mart’s example, the author intends to （）
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