题目内容
Passage Three
查看答案
搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈
更多问题
Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. (61) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. (62) Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.(63) Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, (64) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments. (65) Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect. in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.
Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (21) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others (22) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (23) the ease may be; they are often slightly annoyed (24) being classified as "English".Even in England there are many (25) in regional character and speech. The chief (26) is between southern England and northern England. South of a (27) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students, (28) there are local variations.Further north regional speech is usually " (29) " than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (30) to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (31) . They are open-hearted and hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them (32) . Northerners generally have hearty (33) . the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (34) at meal times.In accent and character the people of the Midlands (35) a gradual change from southern to the northern type of Englishman.In Scotland the sound (36) by the letter "R" is generally a strong sound, and "R’ often pronounced in words in which it would be (37) in southern English. The Scots said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (38) inventive and somewhat mystical. the Celtic peoples of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (39) being more "fiery" than the English. They are (40) a race that is quite distinct from English. 24().
The age of gilded youth is over. Today’s under-thirties are the first generation for a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents. Research into the lifestyles and prospects of people who were born since 1970 shows that they are likely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation.When they leave work late in the evening, they will be more likely to return to a small rented flat than to a house of their own. When, eventually, they retire, their pensions are far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears.These findings are revealed in a study of the way how the ageing of Britain’s population is affecting different generations.Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology at King’s College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations."Today’s older middle-aged and elderly are becoming the new winners, " she said. "They made relatively small contributions in tax but now make relatively big claims on the welfare system. Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime’s earnings to care for them. "The surging number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand for property and pushed up house prices. While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage, today’s under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent. If they can afford to buy a home, it is more likely to be a flat than a house.Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not need to work. Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of ￡13, 000. She now earns about ￡20, 000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines. Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she sublets the lunge sofa-bed to her brother."My father took pity and paid off my student debts, " she said. "But I still have no pension and no chance of buying a property for at least a couple of years-and then it will be something small in a bad area. My only hope is the traditional one of meeting a rich man. "Tinker’s research reveals Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol. We can conclude from the passage that （）.
Passage One
微信支付 
支付宝支付