第一篇Electric Backpack Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a charge of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home. Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. , have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles, and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpack’s electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer’s load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science. The backpack’s electricity-crew, ring powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer’s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack’s oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack. The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways be{ore crossing the street! What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues
A. It produces electricity for electronic devisees while the wearer walks.
B. It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.
C. It is small and convenient.
D. It is light and easy to carry.
"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike," said Dr Hiroshi Nakajima, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO). "At the same time," he added, "in developing countries today, malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being (51) , and 230 million being stunted(阻碍)in their growth. Such (52) represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential (53) a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view. Whether we think in (54) of humanitarian concern, common justice or development needs, they demand a (55) , both from national governments and from the international community." It is now (56) that 6.6 million out of the estimated 12.2 million deaths (57) among children under-five--or 54% of young child mortality in developing countries-is associated with malnutrition, In some (58) , such as sub-Saha-ran Africa and south Asia, stagnation(停滞)of nutritional improvement (59) with a rapid rise in population has resulted in an (60) increase in the total number of malnourished children. (61) , over two-thirds of the world’s malnourished children live in Asia (especially south Asia), followed by Africa and Latin America. As Dr Nakajima noted, "The globalization of industry, trade, travel and communication has brought (62) it unprecedented possibilities for mutual cooperation in (63) hunger and malnutrition. At the same time, however, the acceptability of certain foods, and the cultural aspects of their production, distribution and preparation, are now recognized as (64) in the promotion of good nutrition. Without the attention (65) them, little progress can be made towards household food security, appropriate diets, the control of micronutrient(微量元素)deficiencies, the promotion of breast-feeding, and other strategies listed in the Plan of Action adopted in 1992 (at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome).\
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