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[A] We try our best to develop a vaccine.
[B] The cause of the flu epidemics arising so often in Asia.
[C] The general introduction of "BIRD FLU".
[D] The reason of the new strain of flu arising.
[E] The diseases caused by viruses threat human-beings.
[F] The connections between bird and viruses are complex.
1.
Human beings have known the diseases caused by viruses since thousands of years ago; and were fearful of them. The diseases are infectious hepatitis, polio, rabies, and AIDS. Now we can find easily that why the late Sir Peter Medawar, Nobel laureate in physiology or medicine, wrote "A virus is a piece of bad news wrapped in protein." Perhaps the most lethal virus in human history has been the influenza virus. About 21 million Americans and Europeans died of flu within 18 months in 1918 and 1919. It was an astonishing number. The outbreak in Hong Kong in 2003 of a potentially deadly strain of flu has attracted the world's attention once again on flu.
Flu viruses we call are RNA animal viruses. An individual flu virus resembles a rod studded with spikes composed of two kinds of protein. There are three "types" of flu virus, distinguished by their capsid protein, which is different for each type: Type A flu virus causes most of the serious flu epidemics in humans, and also occurs in mammals and birds. Type B and Type C viruses are only in to humans and rarely cause serious health problems.
2.
The new strain of flu arises not by mutation, but recombination. Viral genes are readily reassorted by genetic recombination, sometimes putting together novel combinations of H and N spikes unrecognizable by human antibodies specific for the old configuration. Viral recombination of this kind seems to have been responsible for the three major flu pandemics (that is, world wide epidemics) that have occurred in this century, by producing drastic shifts in Hand N combinations. The "Killer flu" of 1918, A (HIN1), killed 21 million people. The Asian flu of 1957, A (H2N2), killed over 100,000 Americans. The Hong Kong flu of 1968, A (H3N2), infected 50 million people in the United States alone, of which 70,000 died.
3.
It is proved that the new strains of flu usually start to develop in the far east. The most common hosts for influenza virus are ducks, chickens, and pigs, which in Asia often live in close proximity to each other and to humans. Pigs are subject to infection by both bird and human strains of the virus, and individual animals are often simultaneously infected with multiple strains. This creates conditions favoring genetic recombination between strains, producing new combinations of H and N subtypes. The Hong Kong flu, for example, arose from recombination between A (H3N8) [from ducks] and A (H2N2) [from humans]. The new strain of influenza, in this case A (H3N2), then passed back to humans, creating an epidemic.
4.
A potentially deadly new strain of flu virus, A (H5N1), has appeared in 2003, again in Hong Kong. Scientists paid great attention to this virus for two reasons. First, A (H5N1) represents a novel combination of H and N spikes, the sort of new combination that has in the past been associated with major flu epidemics. Second, unlike all previous instances of new flu strains, A (H5N1) passed to humans directly from birds, in this case chickens. Fortunately the bird flu virus does not appear to spread easily from person to person.
5. __
A vaccine directed against the bird flu virus has not been developed. Such a vaccine will not be easy to produce. Public health scientists have injected the duck virus into laboratory ferrets, often used as test animals in flue research because they develop classic respiratory symptoms. Is the duck virus enough like bird flu that the ferrets develop

阅读以下说明，将应填入(n)处的字句写在答卷纸的对应栏内。
【说明】
下面的程序为堆排序程序，其中函数adjust(i,n)是把以R[i](1≤i≤┕i/2┙)为根的二叉树调整成堆的函数，假定R[i]的左、右子树已经是堆，程序中的，是在主函数中说明的结构数组，它含有要排序的n个记录。
【程序】
Void adjust(i，n)
Int i，n；
{
iht k,j;
element extr;
extr=r[i];
k=i;
j=2i;
while (j＜=n )
{if ((j＜n) && (r[j].key＜r[j+1].key))
(1);
if (extr. key＜r[j].key)
{
r[k]=r[j];
k=j;
(2);
}
else
(3);
}
r[k]=extr;
}
/让i从┗i/2┛逐步减到1, 反复调用函数adjust, 便完成建立初始堆的过程。/
void heapsort (r,n)
list r;
int n;
{
int i,1;
element extr;
for (i=n/2;i＞=1;- -i)
(4); / 建立初始堆*/
for (k--n;k＞=2;k- -)
{
extr=r[1];
r[1]=r[k];
r[k]=extr;
(5);
}
}

宁波一公司从上海吴淞口岸向澳大利亚出口法定计量单位为“件/千克”的衬衫一批，属于一般易非法检商品。
资料1
中华人民共和国海关出口货物报关单

2002年3月28日夜，张甲、李乙、赵丙和孙丁四人在李乙家打麻将赌博，其间张甲见到孙丁有偷牌的小动作，与之发生口角。至次日凌晨，张甲将随身携带的4800元全部输光，遂散场。张甲在回家途中遇见孙丁，张甲认为自己输钱与孙丁打牌不老实有关，且孙丁在散场时赢得了5000多元钱。于是，张甲上前索要自己输掉的4800元钱，孙丁不允，双方发生厮打，结果张甲按倒孙丁，并从其衣袋拿走5000元钱。孙丁回家后将此事告知妻子，孙妻向公安局控告，遂案发。本案做出判决后，人民检察院提起抗诉，下面是检察院的抗诉书，请指出其中的错误。
江东省山北市人民检察院刑事抗诉书
被告人：张甲，男，现年21岁(1981年3月20日出生)，汉族，江东省山北市人，系山北市山南区印刷厂临时工，住山南区印刷厂宿舍。
被告人张甲抢劫一案，由山北市公安局山南分局侦查终结，于2002年4月20日移送山北市山南区人民检察院审查起诉，山南区人民检察院于2002年5月10日向山南区人民法院提起公诉，2002年5月30日山南区人民法院以【2002】山法刑放字第081号刑事判决书做出判决，宣告被告人张甲无罪。山南区人民检察院认为山南区人民法院一审判决有误，于2002年6月15日提请本院抗诉。经依法审查，本案的事实如下：
2002年3月28日夜7时许，被告人张甲到朋友李乙家打麻将赌博，同时还有赵丙和孙丁参与，至次日凌晨6时许，张甲自带的4800元钱输光，遂散场。在离去的路上，张甲遇到孙丁，张甲想起当晚打麻将时，孙丁曾有偷牌的行为，并且孙丁在散场时赢得了5000多元钱，张甲于是上前要求孙丁退还其输掉的4800元钱，孙丁说他赢的钱主要是赵丙输的，不同意张甲的要求。张甲遂即对孙丁进行殴打，并将其按倒在地，从其衣袋里强行搜走5000元钱，然后离去。
被告人张甲的上述犯罪行为事实清楚，证据确实充分，足以认定。
本院认为，被告人张甲以非法占有为目的，采用暴力手段夺取财物，其行为已构成抢劫罪，依法应追究刑事责任。原审法院认为被告人张甲与孙丁等人因赌博产生纠纷，张甲夺走的赌资不属于孙丁的合法财产，且在争夺赌资过程中，张甲与孙丁均实施了互殴行为，本案是一般治安违法案件，不能认定张甲的行为构成抢劫罪。山南区人民法院的理由不成立，抢劫罪是行为犯，不以抢劫金额与财物的性质为条件，只要行为人实施了暴力劫夺行为即构成抢劫罪。
综上所述，为严肃国法，准确惩治犯罪，依照《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》第205条第3款规定，特提起抗诉。请依法改判。
检察员：王某某
高某某