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某公路工程，施工段A由某施工单位通过投标获得了本工程的施工任务，与业主签订了施工合同，在施工过程中，该施工单位通过成本管理的各种手段，积极降低施工项目的成本，以达到最可能实现最低的目标成本的要求。 根据场景，回答下列问题。 施工项目成本管理的根本目的，在于通过成本管理的各种手段，以达到可能实现( )的要求。
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某施工单位与建设单位签订了桥梁工程固定总价施工承包合同，合同工期390d，合同总价5000万元。合同中约定按建标[2003] 206号文综合单价法计价程序计价，其中间接费费率为20%，规费费率为5%，取费基数为人工费与机械费之和。 根据场景，回答下列问题。 施工现场搭建的临时设施的摊销费属于( )。
治疗慢性肾功能不全伴洋地黄中毒所致的缓慢心律失常，错误的是
Many of the aids which are advertised as liberating the modem woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. It is (36) less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really (37) too much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted first, stains (38) by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a (39) and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. If one compares the image of domesticated woman fostered by the women’s magazines with the goods advertised by those periodicals, advertising which finances them, one realizes how useful a projected image can be in commerce. A careful (40) has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving gadget, follow it up with a (41) recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, (42) the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce "that lovely home-baked (43) the family love", and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became a tremendous vogue when they were first (44) (difficult to know who would wear all those rapidly produced sweaters, which lacked the advantages of hand-made woolens). Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by (45) women presetting the dinner before catching a bus to the office. A．laundry I．complicated B．exaggerate J．handled C．emphasize K．flavor D．certainly L．professional E．indignant M．introduced F．removed N．calculation G．amount O．balance H．excessively
Daylight Saving Time (DST) How and When Did Daylight Saving Time Start A．Benjamin Franklin-of "early to bed and early to rise" fame-was apparently the first person to suggest the concept of daylight savings. While serving as U.S. ambassador to France in Pads, Franklin wrote of being awakened at 6 a.m. and realizing, to his surprise, that the sun would rise far earlier than he usually did. Imagine the resources that might be saved if he and others rose before noon and burned less midnight oil, Franklin, tongue half in cheek, wrote to a newspaper. B．It wasn’t until World War I that daylight savings were realized on a grand scale. Germany was the first state to adopt the time changes, to reduce artificial lighting and thereby save coal for the war effort. Friends and foes soon followed suit. In the U.S. a federal law standardized the yearly start and end of daylight saving time in 1918-for the states that chose to observe it. C．During World War II the U.S. made daylight saving time mandatory(强制的) for the whole country, as a way to save wartime resources. Between February 9, 1942, and September 30, 1945, the government took it a step further. During this period daylight saving time was observed year-round, essentially making it the new standard time, if only for a few years. Many years later, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 was enacted, mandating a controversial month-long extension of daylight saving time, starting in 2007. Daylight Saving Time: Energy Saver or Just Time Sucker D．In recent years several studies have suggested that daylight saving time doesn’t actually save energy-and might even result in a net loss. Environmental economist Hendrik Wolff, of the University of Washington, coauthored a paper that studied Australian power-use data when parts of the country extended daylight saving time for the 2000 Sydney Olympics and others did not. The researchers found that the practice reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening but increased energy use in the now dark mornings-wiping out the evening gains. That’s because the extra hour that daylight saving time adds in the evening is a hotter hour. "So if people get home an hour earlier in a warmer house, they turn on their air conditioning," the University of Washington’s Wolff said. E．But other studies do show energy gains. In an October 2008 daylight saving time report to Congress, mandated by the same 2005 energy act that extended daylight saving time, the U.S. Department of Energy asserted that springing forward does save energy. Extended daylight saving time saved 1.3 terawatt (太瓦) hours of electricity. That figure suggests that daylight saving time reduces annual U.S. electricity consumption by 0.03 percent and overall energy consumption by 0.02 percent. While those percentages seem small, they could represent significant savings because of the nation’s enormous total energy use. F．What’s more, savings in some regions are apparently greater than in others. California, for instance, appears to benefit most from daylight saving time-perhaps because its relatively mild weather encourages people to stay outdoors later. The Energy Department report found that daylight saving time resulted in an energy savings of one percent daily in the state. G．But Wolff, one of many scholars who contributed to the federal report, suggested that the numbers were subject to statistical variability (变化) and shouldn’t be taken as hard facts. And daylight savings’ energy gains in the U.S. largely depend on your location in relation to the Mason-Dixon Line, Wolff said."The North might be a slight winner, because the North doesn’t have as much air conditioning," he said. "But the South is a definite loser in terms of energy consumption. The South has more energy consumption under daylight saving." Daylight Saving Time: Healthy or Harmful H．For decades advocates of daylight savings have argued that, energy savings or no, daylight saving time boosts health by encouraging active lifestyles-a claim Wolff and colleagues are currently putting to the test. "In a nationwide American time-use study, we’re clearly seeing that, at the time of daylight saving time extension in the spring, television watching is substantially reduced and outdoor behaviors like jogging, walking, or going to the park are substantially increased," Wolff said. "That’s remarkable, because of course the total amount of daylight in a given day is the same. " I．But others warn of ill effects. Till Roenneberg, a university professor in Munich (慕尼黑), Germany, said his studies show that our circadian (生理节奏的) body clocks-set by light and darkness-never adjust to gaining an "extra" hour of sunlight to the end of the day during daylight saving time. J．One reason so many people in the developed world are chronically (长期地) overtired, he said, is that they suffer from"social jet lag. " In other words, their optimal circadian sleep periods don’t accord with their actual sleep schedules. Shifting daylight from morning to evening only increases this lag, he said. "Light doesn’t do the same things to the body in the morning and the evening. More light in the morning would advance the body clock, and that would be good. But more light in the evening would even further delay the body clock. " K．Other research hints at even more serious health risks. A 2008 study concluded that, at least in Sweden, heart attack risks go up in the days just after the spring time change. "The most likely explanation to our findings is disturbed sleep and disruption of biological rhythms," One expert told National Geographic News via email. Daylight Savings’ Lovers and Haters L．With verdicts (定论) on the benefits, or costs, of daylight savings so split, it may be no surprise that the yearly time changes inspire polarized reactions. In the U.K., for instance, the Lighter Later movement-part of 10:10, a group advocating cutting carbon emissions-argues for a sort of extreme daylight savings. First, they say, move standard time forward an hour, then keep observing daylight saving time as usual-adding two hours of evening daylight to what we currently consider standard time. The folks behind Standardtime.com, on the other hand, want to abolish daylight saving time altogether, calling energy-efficiency claims "unproven. " M．National telephone surveys by Rasmussen Reports from spring 2010 and fall 2009 deliver the same answer. Most people just "don’t think the time change is worth the hassle (麻烦的事). " Forty-seven percent agreed with that statement, while only 40 percent disagreed, But Seize the Daylight author David Prerau said his research on daylight saving time suggests most people are fond of it. "I think if you ask most people if they enjoy having an extra hour of daylight in the evening eight months a year, the response would be pretty positive.\ The figure of a study in the U.S. suggested that DST could save a lot of energy nationally.
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