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美国著名的经济学家萨缪尔森在其经典著作《经济学》中给大家描述了一个关于“合成谬误”的例子：足球场的观众席上，假如前面的观众站起来能看得更清楚，而当全部人都站起来的时候，结果就是谁都看不清楚。他的意思是说，对于一种规则乃是经济学上提高效率的制度安排，如果不遵守规则，结果只能是大家遭殃。 (52) ，对于任何一种规则，人们需要做的首先是遵守，其次再谈论其正当性和合理性。犹如对于香港地铁中的任何一项规则，只能去遵守，而不是违背和骂战的上演，背后映射的乃是对于国人素质的拷问。 对于香港地铁的规则，作者认为应该是：
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问：王涛和小丽为什么会发生那样的事情？（）
Section C The sea is the largest unknown part of our world. It covers (36) percent of the earth. There is still much to be discovered about this (37) blanket of water. Some scientists are studying ways of bringing the ocean’s huge (38) of water to the deserts of the world. Others hope to control the weather by learning more about the (39) of heat and moisture between the ocean and the air. Others, are studying the ways in which sound travels and is (40) by water and heat. What happens when seawater touches different elements is another (41) of study. (42) the ocean floor is an important work among so many interesting studies. (43) , only a very small part of the ocean has been mapped. Now underwater photography is used in mapping parts of the ocean floor. (44) . If the waters of the ocean could be moved away, the sea floor with its wide valleys, uneven mountains would be an unbelievable sight. Around the edges of the continents the ocean floor is flat and the water is not much deeper than about thirty miles. (45) . But where there are high young mountains along the coast, this flat part may be much less than thirty miles. (46) .
Passage Two Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone. There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cites and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indian compared with other tribes. For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years--even the past 100 years--our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution; they "look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension". No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us. Which of the following is most probably the best title for the passage
_______________________(通过使用卫星辅助的全球定位系统，汽车里的计算机能给汽车精确定位)；and with the application of sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.
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