题目内容
现在媒体对随机取样、样本代表性等概念倍加关注。这种关注导致许多人错误地认为，随机取样和代表性是所有学科做调查研究的必要条件。人体生物学研究因为很少使用随机的被试样本，许多研究成果都会受到批评。 但只要想一下其他学科的情况，就很容易理解这种想法的荒谬。化学家从没尝试过抽取化合物的随机样本，生物学家也不曾用细胞或组织的随机样本进行实验。这些研究结果都可以帮助我们理解：并非学术研究都需要使用随机样本。因此，我们在此需要强调的重点是：随机取样和随机分配不是一回事。 随机分配和随机取样两个词里都包含“随机”，许多人以为它们所指是一回事。事实上，它们是非常不同的概念，唯一相似之处在于它们都采用了随机生成数字这一点。然而其目的却______。 随机取样涉及的是如何选择被试进行研究。如前所述，并不是所有研究都要求随机取样，但当它成为必要条件时(例如在市场调查中)，我们则需要用一种方法从总体中抽取一个样本，这种方法要确保总体中的每一个个体都有同等机会被选中，被抽中的个体就成为之后调查研究中的被试。有一点非常重要，这种随机取样的调查研究既可能是相关研究，也可能是一个真实验。只有使用了随机分配的方式，才有可能成为一个真实验。 随机分配是真实验所必需的条件。实验人员将被试分为实验组和控制组，当每一名被试被分到实验组的机会和被分到控制组的机会相等时，则实现了随机分配。为了达到这一点，常会用到像掷硬币这样的随机化手段(更常用的是一种特殊的随机化数字表格)——因为它在给被试分组时没有任何偏向。 随机分配和随机取样不是一回事，牢记这一点的最好方法是弄清楚四种组合：非随机分配的非随机样本，随机分配的非随机样本，非随机分配的随机样本，以及随机分配的随机样本。大部分实验没有使用随机样本，因为没有这个必要。所需要的只是一个方便取得的样本。如果一个研究中使用了随机分配的方法，那么它就是一项真实验；如果没有使用，那么它是一项相关调查。许多使用随机取样的研究没有使用随机分配，那是因为它们只是调查性研究，旨在寻找关联。一些研究既使用了随机取样，又使用了随机分配，那么它们肯定是真实验。 这篇文章主要强调的观点是：
查看答案
搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈
更多问题
Task 1Direction: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) or D) . You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a Single line through the center. Lemonade is a favorite summer drink. It is enjoyed at family meals, picnic, ball games, and many special parties. People like its light, lemony taste. They also like it because it keeps them from getting too thirsty. Do you drink it Fresh lemonade can be made by cutting a lemon in half and squeezing the juice into a cup. After the seeds are taken out, sugar and water are mixed in. One cup of lemon juice, One cup of sugar, and two quarts of water stirred together make good lemonade. There are even easier ways to get lemonade. One way is to buy lemonade powder. Then add the right amount of water. Another way is to buy cans of frozen lemonade and mix it with water. The easiest way of all is to buy and open a can of lemonade that is ready to drink, just like a can of juice. Lemonade is good for people. It has vitamin C. It keeps the body cool in summer. When served hot it can help a bad cold or a sore throat. Lemonade is not a new drink. It has been around for a long time. Some say it came from China. Others think it probably came from England or France. More than four hundred years ago an English doctor wrote about the good that lemonade can do for people. Lemonade is not a new drink. It______.
Task 1Direction: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) or D) . You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a Single line through the center. Lemonade is a favorite summer drink. It is enjoyed at family meals, picnic, ball games, and many special parties. People like its light, lemony taste. They also like it because it keeps them from getting too thirsty. Do you drink it Fresh lemonade can be made by cutting a lemon in half and squeezing the juice into a cup. After the seeds are taken out, sugar and water are mixed in. One cup of lemon juice, One cup of sugar, and two quarts of water stirred together make good lemonade. There are even easier ways to get lemonade. One way is to buy lemonade powder. Then add the right amount of water. Another way is to buy cans of frozen lemonade and mix it with water. The easiest way of all is to buy and open a can of lemonade that is ready to drink, just like a can of juice. Lemonade is good for people. It has vitamin C. It keeps the body cool in summer. When served hot it can help a bad cold or a sore throat. Lemonade is not a new drink. It has been around for a long time. Some say it came from China. Others think it probably came from England or France. More than four hundred years ago an English doctor wrote about the good that lemonade can do for people. There are other easier ways to get lemonade, such as ______.
现在媒体对随机取样、样本代表性等概念倍加关注。这种关注导致许多人错误地认为，随机取样和代表性是所有学科做调查研究的必要条件。人体生物学研究因为很少使用随机的被试样本，许多研究成果都会受到批评。 但只要想一下其他学科的情况，就很容易理解这种想法的荒谬。化学家从没尝试过抽取化合物的随机样本，生物学家也不曾用细胞或组织的随机样本进行实验。这些研究结果都可以帮助我们理解：并非学术研究都需要使用随机样本。因此，我们在此需要强调的重点是：随机取样和随机分配不是一回事。 随机分配和随机取样两个词里都包含“随机”，许多人以为它们所指是一回事。事实上，它们是非常不同的概念，唯一相似之处在于它们都采用了随机生成数字这一点。然而其目的却______。 随机取样涉及的是如何选择被试进行研究。如前所述，并不是所有研究都要求随机取样，但当它成为必要条件时(例如在市场调查中)，我们则需要用一种方法从总体中抽取一个样本，这种方法要确保总体中的每一个个体都有同等机会被选中，被抽中的个体就成为之后调查研究中的被试。有一点非常重要，这种随机取样的调查研究既可能是相关研究，也可能是一个真实验。只有使用了随机分配的方式，才有可能成为一个真实验。 随机分配是真实验所必需的条件。实验人员将被试分为实验组和控制组，当每一名被试被分到实验组的机会和被分到控制组的机会相等时，则实现了随机分配。为了达到这一点，常会用到像掷硬币这样的随机化手段(更常用的是一种特殊的随机化数字表格)——因为它在给被试分组时没有任何偏向。 随机分配和随机取样不是一回事，牢记这一点的最好方法是弄清楚四种组合：非随机分配的非随机样本，随机分配的非随机样本，非随机分配的随机样本，以及随机分配的随机样本。大部分实验没有使用随机样本，因为没有这个必要。所需要的只是一个方便取得的样本。如果一个研究中使用了随机分配的方法，那么它就是一项真实验；如果没有使用，那么它是一项相关调查。许多使用随机取样的研究没有使用随机分配，那是因为它们只是调查性研究，旨在寻找关联。一些研究既使用了随机取样，又使用了随机分配，那么它们肯定是真实验。 根据文意，下列有关“随机取样”的说法不正确的一项是：
Task 1Direction: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) or D) . You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a Single line through the center. Lemonade is a favorite summer drink. It is enjoyed at family meals, picnic, ball games, and many special parties. People like its light, lemony taste. They also like it because it keeps them from getting too thirsty. Do you drink it Fresh lemonade can be made by cutting a lemon in half and squeezing the juice into a cup. After the seeds are taken out, sugar and water are mixed in. One cup of lemon juice, One cup of sugar, and two quarts of water stirred together make good lemonade. There are even easier ways to get lemonade. One way is to buy lemonade powder. Then add the right amount of water. Another way is to buy cans of frozen lemonade and mix it with water. The easiest way of all is to buy and open a can of lemonade that is ready to drink, just like a can of juice. Lemonade is good for people. It has vitamin C. It keeps the body cool in summer. When served hot it can help a bad cold or a sore throat. Lemonade is not a new drink. It has been around for a long time. Some say it came from China. Others think it probably came from England or France. More than four hundred years ago an English doctor wrote about the good that lemonade can do for people. In order to make good lemonade with one cup of lemon juice, we should add to it ______.
微信支付 
支付宝支付