题目内容
Metropolitan Museum of Art is located in New York City. It is one of the largest and most (1) art museums in the world. In 1866 a group of Americans in Paris, France, gathered at a restaurant to (2) the American Independence Day. After dinner, John Jay, a (3) lawyer gave a speech proposing to create a "national institution and gallery of art. " During the next four years, he (4) American civic leaders, art collectors, and others to support the project, and in 1870 the Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded, but it was (5) in two different locations in New York City. In 1880 the museum moved to its present location in Central Park on Fifth Avenue. Many additions have (6) been built around this building. The north and south (7) were completed in 1911 and 1913, (8) Six additional wings have been built since 1975 to house the museum’s (9) collections, to expand gallery space and educational (10) . The museum has collected more than three million objects in every known artistic (11) , representing cultures from every part of the world, from ancient times to the present. Popularly known as the Met, the museum is a private (12) . The museum is one of the most popular tourist (13) in the city and about five million people visit it each year. It is also a major educational institution, offering various programs for children and adults. (14) , scholars of archeology and art history (15) advanced research projects at the museum.
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Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition (1) may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to (2) . Then there is television. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit (3) three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been (4) 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools. Major sporting (5) are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed (6) Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One (7) basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to (8) their products. There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wails, buses, and trucks. They decorate the inside of taxis and subways—even the doors of public toilets. (9) messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevators—and (10) we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to (11) the junk mail. (12) Insider’s Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated (13) of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have (14) to $ 411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money ! What is the effect of all of this One analyst (15) it this way: "Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior. "
Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often (1) between each established group of (2) and each succeeding group. As each group became (3) financially successful, and more powerful, they (4) newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are (5) U.S. history, (6) , this prejudicial treatment of different groups is (7) more unjust than with black Americans. Blacks had distinct (8) . For the most part, they came to the "land of opportunity" as slaves and were not free to keep their (9) and cultural traditions. (10) most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separated members of (11) family. They could not mix easily with the (12) society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to (13) the American culture. Even after they became flee people, they were still discriminated (14) in employment, housing, education, and even in public (15) , such as restrooms.
A recent report on population trend conducted by the think (1) of the World watch Institute identifies signs of slowing growth in some countries. It says populations in 32 countries—all in the industrialized world—have stabilized because of declining birthrates. But in a handful of developing countries where population is slowing, the cause isn’t something to (2) , because more people are dying. This trend is called "population fatigue", and it’s beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced (3) birthrates and sharp population growth for several decades. Governments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children, (4) at the same time confronting the falling water (5) , deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth brings. In these countries any new threat—infectious disease, drought or famine—can become a (6) crisis. AIDS is a case (7) . WHO estimates calculate that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe and Botswana are infected with the AIDS virus, (8) , these countries stands to lose at least one-quarter of their labor force in the next decade from AIDS alone, a situation (9) since the yellow fever swept through Europe in the 14’h century. Social unrest is also increasing in these countries. One example is the (10) conflict between the Tutsis and the Hutus in Rwanda, where population pressures reduced cropland (11) where it could no longer feed those who lived on it. Demands on the world fisheries and shared water resources are likely to spark similar conflicts. Already the waters of the Nile are so heavily used that little reaches the Mediterranean, so any increase in demand or (12) in allocation will also increase tensions. The bottom line is that human population growth is (13) to slow one way or the other. Developing societies will either recognize problems (14) the horizon and act to encourage smaller families — or unchecked births will have their (15) in rising death rates.
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