12岁女童,参加学校组织的春游后出现咳嗽、咳白黏痰伴喘息1天入院,生命体征平稳,在肺部可闻及广泛哮鸣音,既往有支气管哮喘史。 对该患者应采取的护理措施不包括
A. 每日静脉补液量应在2500~3000ml
B. 在病室内摆放鲜花
C. 遵医嘱给予祛痰药物
D. 遵医嘱给予糖皮质激素
E. 遵医嘱给予氧疗
Children are getting so fat that they may be the first generation to die before their parents. To- day’s youngsters are already falling prey to potential killers such as diabetes because of their weight.(46) Fatty fast-food diets combined with sitting lifestyles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young, says Professor Andrew Prentice, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. At the same time, the shape of the human body is going through a huge evolutionary shift because adults are getting so fat.Here in Britain, latest research shows that the average waist size for a man is 36-38in and may be 42-44in by 2032. This compares with only 32.6in in 1972. Women’s waists have grown from an average of 22in in 1920 to 24in in the Fifties and 30in now.One of the major reasons why children now are at greater risk is that we are getting fatter younger. In the UK alone, more than one million under-16s are classed as overweight or obese -- double the number in the mid-Eighties. One in ten four-year-olds are also medically classified as obese.The obesity pandemic -- an extensive epidemic -- which started in the US, has now spread to Europe, Australasia, Central America and the Middle East. (47) Many nations now record more than 20 percent of their population as clinically fat and well over half the population as overweight. (48) Prof. Prentice said the change in our shape has been caused by an oversupply of easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments.He is not alone in his concern. Only last week one medical journal revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for strokes and heart disease as well as diabetes. (49) An averagely overweight person’s lifespan is shortened by around nine years while a severely overweight person by many more.Prof. Prentice said: "So will parents outlive their children, as claimed recently by an American obesity specialist Yes, when the offspring become grossly obese. This is now becoming an alarmingly common occurrence in the US. (50) Such children and adolescents have a greatly reduced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health. So say No to that doughnut and burger." Such children and adolescents have a greatly reduced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health. So say No to that doughnut and burger."
[A] Since white was the colour of the kind of paradise! so much longed to live in someday, grey left behind nothing more than a bitter taste of emptiness and depression. I can remember how noticed once, that any other colour must be a symbol for something, a feeling or whatever. Only grey seemed to stand for absolutely nothing. This was the world I lived in, and so did he.[B] I used to work in a mechanical way, following the same rhythm over and over again, and so did he. But every time I was about to give up, he would lift his head and give me a little smile, as if he could guess my thoughts. I think it was actually his eyes that impressed me most. They were so dark and straight, and though they seems to be hiding anything, I couldn’t get rid of the impression that somehow he must be hiding something.[C] Those days were more than hard for all of us. There seemed to be no way to escape from the greyness of our everyday life, which was the only colour that surrounded us. The huge concrete blocks we lived in was grey, the grey of the factory dust, even the colour of our clothes, that once might have been white was grey. It must have been a bright and shining white.., and I can’t exactly recall how much time I spent trying to imagine the kind of white it might have been.[D] Well, to make a long story short, he died only a year after he started working with us. It was a car accident and he didn’t have to suffer very long. I went to his funeral and the only person I met there was an old lady, maybe his mother. She told me that he had lost his family just the year before and after that he didn’t speak any more. He hadn’t said a single word. First I didn’t believe her. I just thought that he was a fairly quiet person; besides there was nothing much to say anyway. But suddenly I realized that I couldn’t recall ever having heard his voice at all. Only then did I realize it![E] Having our job in the factory was still luxury though, considering the fact that most of us had families to feed. And not long after he started to work there, I would always find him working at the machine next to mine. We’d work for hours next to each other, staying quiet, with our thoughts drifting away to a different place but still aware of our hands doing the same move- ments over and over again. We were doing that until the bell would ring to end the work for the day.[F] He gave me so much and I knew so little about him. He had been my friend and now I had lost him without having had the chance to give anything back. He had been so strong that he was a- ble to give whatever had happened. I felt weak and guilty in those days. But after that I started to care for the people around me. I think I started to live.[G] He wasn’t a guy of big words, and he seemed to live entirely in his own world. I remember that during the days he worked with us, none of us exactly knew who he was, where he came from or What he was looking for, and afterwards he disappeared. Nobody knew where he had gone, what he was doing or if he had friends or a family to stay with. I guess, we didn’t even know his name -- and even if we did, I’ve forgotten it anyway. 43