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无论信息工程的方法如何变化，信息工程都是运用______方式，通过信息战略规划、业务领域分析、系统设计和系统构成等步骤来实现企业的信息系统建设，也需要建立用于存储企业数据模型、(20) 、各种设计信息的信息库。
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在软件维护的实施过程中，为了正确、有效地修改，需要经历以下3个步骤：______、修改程序和重新验证程序，重新验证程序包括______确认、计算机确认和维护后的______。
Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it.Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. 46) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth."Anthropology" derives from the Greek words "anthropos": "human" and "logos": "the study of". By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences. 47) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field - study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. 48) The emphasis on data gathered first - hand, combined with a cross - cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor’ s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. 49) Tylor defined culture as "...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and under standing human life. Implicit within Tylor’ s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.50) Thus, the anthropological concept of "culture", like the concept of "set"in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies
某经项目审批部门核准的工程建设项目施工招标，招标人自行办理招标事宜。由于该工程技术复杂，招标人决定采用邀请招标，共邀请A、B、C三家满足项目施工资质要求的施工企业参加投标。 投标邀请书中规定：6月1日至6月3日9:00-17:00在招标人总经济师室出售招标文件。 招标文件中规定，6月30日为投标截止日；投标有效期到7月20日止；投标保证金为100万元人民币，投标保证金有效期到8月20日为止；评标采用综合评价法，技术标和商务标的权重各占50%。 在评标过程中，鉴于各投标人的技术方案大同小异，招标人决定将评标方法改为经评审的最低投标价法。 评标委员会按经评审的最低投标价法，确定的评标结果排名顺序为A公司、C公司、B公司。 招标人7月15日确定A公司中标，7月16日向A公司发出中标通知书，并于7月18日与A公司签订了合同。 在签订合同过程中，经审查，A公司所选择的设备安装分包人不符合要求，招标人遂指定具有设备安装一级资质的D公司作为A公司的分包人。 招标人于7月28日将中标结果通知了B、C两家公司，并向该两家公司退还投标保证金100万元。 招标人于8月1日向当地招标投标管理部门提交了该工程招标投标情况的书面报告。 [问题] (1)招标人自行组织招标需具备什么条件 (2)依法必须招标的施工项目，在哪些情况下可以采用邀请招标 (3)指出招标人上述招标工作的不妥之处，逐一说明理由。
Part ADirections:Your father is seriously ill, and you want to go back home. Write a note to the secretary and it should include:1) the cause for leaving;2) the days;3) catch on the lessons after returning school.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.
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