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Passage TwoQuestions 57 to G1 are based on the following passage. For most people, fat is a burden. It doesn’t really matter where it appears, we just don’t want it. But it turns out that our bodies also make a unique form of fat tissue that behaves remarkably unlike any other: rather than storing excess energy, this fat actually burns through it. It’s called brown fat and health experts confirm for the first time that healthy adults have stores of this tissue, which researchers hope to study further as a potential new weight-loss treatment. Human newborns have been known to have any significant deposits of brown fat, so called because of its abnormally high concentration of dark---colored mitochondria (线粒体), the engines that sustain cell activity. The primary purpose of brown fat is to regulate body temperature: the mitochondria-packed cells are designed to burn high quantities of sugar, and release that energy as heat a mechanism that newborns rely on to keep themselves toasty. As people age, however, the body becomes better at regulating temperature, so brown-fat stores shrink and white fat starts to emerge. A research team in Sweden has found that healthy adults retain a sizable amount of fat in the front and back of the neck expressing the same proteins as brown fat.Identifying the presence of brown fat is one thing, but activating it to burn more sugar is another. Two studies confirmed that brown-fat cells become more active in the cold. But before we consider joining the Polar Bear Club, can brown fat actually cause weight loss Brown fat may indeed allow a person to burn more calories (卡路里) with the same amount of consumption. On the basis of animal models, researchers calculate that 50g of brown fat could burn about 20% daily calorie an average person takes in. Leaner people tended to have more brown-fat deposits than overweight individuals. Interestingly, women were ’twice as likely as men to have active brown fat. Still, the findings don’t necessarily mean that activating brown fat leads to a slimmer waist. For one thing, the body is especially good at maintaining balance, which is why a boost in calorie-burning can often make it hunger signal and prompt people to eat more to make up for the loss. And even if drug companies could find a way to activate (刺激) brown fat safely, that excess activity could throw off other metabolic (新陈代谢的) systems and damage your health. According to Para. 4, we can safely draw the conclusion that ______.
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适用于非屏蔽双绞线的网卡应提供______接口。
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Questions 17 ～ 20 are based on the passage about the relationship between reading and dreams. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 ～ 20. What did the psychologist confirm in the survey
Study Styles You know whether you’re a morning person or a night owl. You know whether you’re a picky eater of a human garbage pail. But do you know if you learn better by reading or by hearing If you’ve survived school so far, you already have some sort of study routine for better or worse. We asked students all over the country for the lowdown on their methods of operations, and also collected some hard-won advice. See if you can recognize your own personal study method in the list below and learn how to study effectively. The Dreamer You may say you’re studying. You may even look like you’re studying. But your mind is in the clouds. Your test performance seldom reflects those long hours you spent at your desk, almost studying. Kim, from Montreal, says:" When I get to the library, I end up sitting there and people-watching." Cindy, from Lafayette, Pennsylvania, says:" Personally, I tend to write everything down on flash cards so I can quiz myself later. Everyone else thinks that I’ll ace (成绩为A) the exam, but sometimes I find myself spending so much time writing down every little detail that I don’t have time to actually study." Warning: If you spend all day pretending studying, you’ll pay all night cramming for real. (What a waste of socializing time!) This year’s resolution: Stay on target by setting goals (Like four chapters by Wednesday) and asking your friends to test you. Also, tune in to your interests: If you find yourself drawing elaborate doodles in the margins when you’re supposed to be analyzing Shakespeare, take drawing classes and snap out of your day dream. The Grind One look at your sock drawer, meticulously arranged in rainbow order, suggests control-freak tendencies. You never fail to do a fixed amount of studying each evening and your good grades show it. You cautiously plot a course to conquer an unruly assignment, and you rarely break your routine. Gretchen, from Chicago, describes her hard-core method:" I completely organize all of my notes. Then, before I do anything else, I plan out exactly how many hours I’m going to study and how long I am going to take breaks. In this way, I always stay on task. I read through my notes and then highlight the things I don’t know well, to commit them to memory." But she’s not done yet! "Then I read my assignments again and take notes and study these notes the same way I studied my class notes." Sarah, from Scarsdale, New York, also considers herself a worker bee. "I plan my work so that there’s something I have to do every night of the week. But when there’s a test, I’ll do all my assignments before trying to do an overview. Studying comes last because I’ll wait until the last minute to even try to concentrating on something with so little structure. "Warning: While your self-discipline will serve you well in college (or the military), you might want to add more inspiration to your perspiration. No amount of memorization, or color-coding your notebooks will help you write an original, opinionated essay and you’ll be writing plenty. This year’s resolution: Vary your routine and think about your own insights more. After reading an assignment, try closing your eyes and recalling what you found interesting before buckling (扣住) down with your impeccable (无瑕疵的) notes. And if you’ve got a half hour to spare in your study schedule, try something messy and creative, like writing a poem. The Social Studier You’re the kind who learns out loud. You yak your way to enlightenment, so study buddies are a must. In school, you remember more from hearing the lectures than from doing the reading. Roberta, from Princeton, New Jersey, says:" I went to a study counselor to find out that I learn best by listening. It’s true: Until I hear something out loud, it’s not really real to me. When I’m studying and I don’t understand something in our textbook, I’ll call my friends to get the scoop." Amy, from East Lansing, Michigan, says : "Sometimes a bunch of us go to the library after school. It’s a lot more fun in a group, and when it’s fun, it helps me stay on track. If I’m too bored, chances are I won’t learn anything. "Warning: Set ground rules for your study party so you don’t use your friends as excuses not to study. Limit your group to friends who know this is more than a chat fest. (Your slacker pals will be more fun to party with post-exam than to struggle with pretest. ) The Crammer You slack off for weeks, until the night before the exam. Then you still find reasons to dawdle(游手好闲): Gotta brew a pot of coffee, and---wait! Your favorite mug is missing! Finally the adrenaline starts pumping. Time to study triple-time. When you’re startled awake at 4 a.m. with textbook crease (皱折) marks on your face, you resolve to do it differently next time. But next time rolls around, and you’re in the same lame situation. Sara, from Hammonton, New Jersey, is a classic crammer:" My study habits are terrible! I usually start studying about 11 p.m. and go until my eyes are sealed shut. Then I wake up paniced and whip out my notebook again on the bus." Christina, from Cambridge. Massachusetts, says:" I’ll always wait until the last minute to study. It’s like I need to get myself into panic mode to buckle down. Otherwise I stare into space with my book in my lap. But as soon as I start studying, I realize that I could have done really well, if only had more time..." Too late. Warning: The hours after midnight aren’t enough to get all your work done or study a semester’s worth of stuff. And getting ready for "Reserve" readings, where you and the whole class have to share one book on hold at the library. You won’t have the option of doing it ALAP (as late as possible). This year’s resolution: Improve your grades by adding casual study sessions before you hit high-stress mode. Bring your books outside or to your favorite cafe and skim the material. You may still get the most done when the pressure’s on, but at least you’ll know where to turn to make your cramming more efficient. The Crammer (分数至上的学生 ) Have you no dignity Don’t you hear the snickers behind your back every time you ask: "But will it be on the test" Maybe your fear of failing is stronger than your love of learning, and that’s why you try to psych out the teacher or downright cheat. Katie, from Cold Spring Harbor, New York, says:" I knew plenty of kids who relied on old exams from people who’d taken that class before. Not to incriminate myself, but once I made photocopies of the teacher’s answer when he was absent. The test was taken home, so I shared the answer key with the whole class, and we each changed one or two answers to make it a little less suspicious. I don’t know what I was thinking. Had I been caught, it could have been grounds for dismissal." Warning: College classes are not the place to grade-grub. You’ll waste your time if you’re focused on pleasing the professor, not learning the stuff. Besides, your college instructors will want to hear you brilliantly expound on the material, not parrot her words back. This year’s resolution: Grow out of it. Put your common sense to work and decide what’s the most important material. That’s probably what’s on the test. In colleges and universities, teachers don’t want parrot-like students, but they want to hear students’ ______.
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