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Some people are friendly drunks, whereas others are hostile, potentially posing a danger to themselves and others. The difference may 41 in their ability to foresee the consequences of their actions, according to a recent study.Brad Bushman, a psychologist at Ohio State University, and his colleagues asked nearly 500 volunteers to play a simple game. The subjects, an even mix of women and men, believed they were competing 42 an opponent to press a button as quickly as possible. In 43 , they were simply using a computer program that randomly decided 44 they had won or lost. When they lost, they 45 a shock. When the "opponent" lost, the participant gave the shock and chose how long and 46 it should be. 47 playing, the participants completed a survey designed to 48 their general concern for the 49 consequences of their actions. Half the participants then received enough alcohol mixed with orange juice to make them legally 50 , and the other half received a drink with a very 51 amount of alcohol in it. Subjects who expressed little interest in consequences were more likely to 52 longer, stronger shocks. In the 53 group, they were slightly more aggressive than people who 54 about consequences. When drunk, 55 , their aggressiveness was off the charts. "They are 56 the most aggressive people in the study," Bushman says.The good news is this 57 can be changed. Michael McKloskey, a psychologist at Temple University, explains that if 58 people can learn to see the 59 more realistically, they"re able to stay calmer and develop a sense of 60 over their consequences.
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Human males hying with their moms may not expect to have much luck hooking up this Valentine"s Day. 1 among the northern Muriqui monkeys, males that spend the most time around their mothers seem to get a(n) 2 boost when mating time rolls around.The findings, published in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, suggest that females in some species 3 have evolved to play a critical role in their sons" reproductive 4 . Karen Strier, the paper"s lead author and a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, says the paper " 5 " the so-called grandmother hypothesis, a concept 6 human females evolved to live past their 7 reproductive years to spend more time 8 offspring.The research team observed and 9 genetic data from a group of 67 wild monkeys living in a protected reserve in Brazil"s Atlantic Forest: infants, mothers and possible fathers. They found that six out of the thirteen 10 males they studied spent more time around their mothers 11 would be expected by chance. These same six monkeys, on 12 , reproduced the greatest number of offspring.The investigators are still trying to 13 out why. "It"s not like we see moms intervening and helping their sons out," Strier says. "Maybe 14 sitting near their moms, they get to see when females are 15 active, or maybe they just get more familiar with other 16 ."The findings can 17 with future conservation efforts for the critically 18 animals. Strier says, "the 19 tiring we would want to do is 20 a male out of the group where it was born."
大多数专家认为，越来越多的国家和恐怖组织会在技术上具备获得并使用生化武器的能力。但敌对国家或恐怖组织使用这些武器的情况并不是不可避免的。即使在血淋淋的常规战争中打得难分难解，那些动过念头的国家也不敢轻易使用这些武器，他们担心敌人会以牙还牙地报复或在其他地方使战斗升级激化。而对恐怖组织来说，有技术能力的往往缺乏使用的兴趣，对生化武器有兴趣的却又缺乏必要的技术能力。 然而，评估未来的危险不能简单地从过去推知。敌对国家及恐怖组织使用生化武器的可能性在不断增加，而且毫无保护的人群哪怕遭受一次这样的袭击，其后果也显然是毁灭性的。
Human males hying with their moms may not expect to have much luck hooking up this Valentine"s Day. 1 among the northern Muriqui monkeys, males that spend the most time around their mothers seem to get a(n) 2 boost when mating time rolls around.The findings, published in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, suggest that females in some species 3 have evolved to play a critical role in their sons" reproductive 4 . Karen Strier, the paper"s lead author and a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, says the paper " 5 " the so-called grandmother hypothesis, a concept 6 human females evolved to live past their 7 reproductive years to spend more time 8 offspring.The research team observed and 9 genetic data from a group of 67 wild monkeys living in a protected reserve in Brazil"s Atlantic Forest: infants, mothers and possible fathers. They found that six out of the thirteen 10 males they studied spent more time around their mothers 11 would be expected by chance. These same six monkeys, on 12 , reproduced the greatest number of offspring.The investigators are still trying to 13 out why. "It"s not like we see moms intervening and helping their sons out," Strier says. "Maybe 14 sitting near their moms, they get to see when females are 15 active, or maybe they just get more familiar with other 16 ."The findings can 17 with future conservation efforts for the critically 18 animals. Strier says, "the 19 tiring we would want to do is 20 a male out of the group where it was born."
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