(61)Inns have served travelers since ancient times. (62)The emergence of the hotel as a significant commercial institution, however, is a development of the past few centuries and may be traced by, example in the U.S.. The location of hotels has always been related to the transportation available. During colonial times hotels were usually situated in seaport towns, but by the end of the 18th century, when the coach had increased travel within the U. S., many inns and hotels were constructed to offer lodgings along highway routes. (63)After the construction of railroads in the 19th century, larger hotels were built near railroad stations to accommodate railway travelers. (64)Standards of service and comfort rose appreciably and in the larger cities the types of lodging offered by certain hotels became luxurious. The old Waldorf- Astoria Hotel in New York City and the Brown Palace in Denver, Colorado, were among the first such luxury hotels, but their rates were too high for the average traveler. (65)Shortly before World War I large hotels offering many services at prices within the reach of middle-income groups were constructed. The first such institution was the Statler Hotel in Buffalo, New York, which opened in 1908. For years it served as a model for other large-city transient hotels.
Passage 4 New Year’s Eve Entertainment Dec. 31,1997 Program Items Performed by Females Chorus: We Love China Dept. Singing Group Folk Dance: Plucking Tea Class I, Grade 3 Recitation: Romeo and Juliet Henderson Joan Skit: Necklace Grade 4 Popular Song: Love Li Yan Male Solo: The Sun and the Moon More, with Piano Accompaniment by Alice Comic Dialogue: Studying Tony, Joseph Beijing Opera Juggling Ma Guang Story: The Six Blind Men and the Elephant Han Lei Ballet: The Swan Lake Catherine, Sophia, Wang Hua, Li Ying Modern Dance Liu Jun and others Suona: A Rich Harvest Zhao Chang Sheng Ballroom: Dancing Waltz Zhang Han, Li Na and Others Now please find correct English expressions in the diagram to fill in the following translations: A) Recitation: Romeo and Juliet B) Folk Dance: Plucking Tea C) Beijing Opera D) Comic Dialogue E) Females Chorus F) Skit: Necklace G) Juggling H) Ballet: The Swan Lake I) Modern Dance J) Ballroom: Dancing Waltz ( )诗歌朗诵:罗密欧与朱利叶 ( )女生合唱
Passage 2 Placing a satellite into orbit requires a tremendous amount of energy, which is achieved from multistage rockets burning chemical fuels. The first stage of a multistage rocket consists of rocket engines that provide a huge amount of force. The first stage lifts the entire launch vehicle--with its load of fuel, the rocket body, and the satellite--off the launch pad (发射台) and into the first part of the flight. After its engines use all their fuel, the first stage portion of the rocket separates from the rest of the launch vehicle and falls to the earth. The second stage then ignites, providing the energy necessary to lift the satellite into orbit. It, too, then separates from the satellite and any remaining rocket stages. The rest of the launch depends on the satellite’s mission. And a third rocket stage provides the energy to lift the satellite to its final orbital altitude. After the satellite has reached the final altitude, another rocket engine fires and gives the satellite a circular orbit. All rocket-engine burns occur at a precise moment and last for a precise amount of time so that the satellite achieves its proper position in space. In 1990 the United States began launching some satellites from aircraft flying at high altitudes. This method still requires a rocket-powered launch vehicle, but because the vehicle does not have to overcome friction with the thick atmosphere found at low altitudes, much less fuel is needed. However, the size of the rocket is limited by the size and strength of the aircraft, so only smaller satellites can be launched this way. Which of the following statements is NOT the characteristics of the United States’ aircraft launching some satellites
A. This method still needs a rocket-powered launch vehicle.
B. The vehicle can pay no attention to friction with the thick atmosphere.
C. Much more fuel is needed.
D. Only smaller satellites can be launched this way.
Passage 3 In earlier centuries, nursing care was usually provided by volunteers who had little or no training--most commonly men and women of various religious orders. Toward the end of the 18th century nursing was considered an unsuitable occupation for "proper" young women, undoubtedly due to the fact that hospitals in those days were dirty places where patients usually died. As a result, those who provided nursing care were commonly persons who could not find work elsewhere. Modern nursing began in the mid-19th century with the appearance of the Nightingale training schools for nurses. In the United States, the Spanish-American War and, later, World War I established the need for more nurses in both military and civilian life. As a result, nursing schools increased their enrollments, and several new programs were developed. In 1920 a study recommended that schools of nursing be independent of hospitals and that students no longer be exploited as cheap labor. Following this, several university schools of nursing were opened. During the depression of the 1930s, many nurses were unemployed, and the number of schools declined. World War II, however, brought about another increased demand for nurses. Since the end of World War II, technological advances in medicine and health have required nurses to become knowledgeable about sophisticated equipment, to learn about an increasing number of medications, and to design nursing care appropriate for the health care delivery system during a period of rapid change. It can be inferred from the information contained in the passage that ______ .
A. nursing is an important job
B. to become a nurse now requires much more knowledge and abilities
C. people like to be a nurse now
D. many nurses were unemployed