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William, who conquered England some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and a ruthless army. Yet although William was stupefyingly rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing remotely resembling a flush toilet. No paper towels, no riding lawn mower. How did he get byHistory books are filled with wealthy people who were practically destitute compared to me, I have tripe-tracked storm window; Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldn’t buy cat food in bulk. Czar Nicholas Ⅱ lacked a compound-miter saw.Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you’d think I’d be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my prosperity with that of living persons: neighbors, high-school classmates, TV personalities. The covetousness I feel toward my friend Howard’s kitchen is not mitigated by the fact that no French monarch ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different stuff to feel grumpy about. You’d think that merely not having bubonic plague(腺鼠疫) would put us in a good mood. But no, we want a hot tub too.Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by contemporary standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many investment bankers’, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife’s and I can keep clean. Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, those bankers’ fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica(福米加塑料桌面)will seem equally shabby. I can’t keep up with my neighbor right now. but just wait. From the passage, you may infer that most people（）
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Between now(June) and Labor Day, millions of American will offer up their bodies to the sun’s rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it—including themselves. With each hour, the sun’s ultraviolet radiation produces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles. And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer.Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400000 new cases will be detected this year in the United States, and almost all of them can be blamed on overexposure to the sun. Fortunately, most of these cancers are highly curable. But they can be disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason, sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe.Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV, however, interferes with the production of collagen fibers in the dermis, causing the skin to lose elasticity and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration of the dermis deprives the epidermis of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dry.Cancer is UV’s final insult. Short-wave radiant energy, especially from the UV-B band, breaks the strands of DNA. Enzymes work constantly to rearrange the DNA into proper sequence, but with repeated UV exposure, the repair process may eventually break down. Then the mutant DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells.But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense. People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the highest risk. Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun, such as the cheeks, nose, lower lip and the ears. People who have already developed precancerous lesions or had one skin cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others. Dermatologists recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense—between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen. These lotions and salves contain chemicals, such as paraaminobenzoic acid, that block out the burning UV-B radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin. Which of the following comes first as a possible damage by UV radiation（）
People around the globe hit the height of their misery and depression in (51) age, a new international study suggests.The finding by British and American researchers was based on an analysis of well-being among approximately 2 million people in 80 nations. With few exceptions, the observation appears to apply across the board, regardless (52) gender, culture, geography, wealth, job history, education, and marriage or parental status."The scientific fact seems to be that happiness and positive mental health follow a giant ’U’ (53) through life, " said study author Andrew J. Oswald, a professor of economics at Warwick University in Warwickshire, England. "For the average person, it’s high when you’re 20, and then it slowly falls and bottoms out (54) your 40s. But the good news is that your (55) health picks up again, and eventually gets back to the high levels of our youth. "The finding was (56) on the pooling of several different sources of happiness data, including: two multi-decade happiness/satisfaction surveys (first launched in the 1970s), involving about 500,000 American and Western European men and women; four rounds of the 80-nation "World Values Survey" (57) between 1981 and 2004 in North America, Eastern and Western Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central and South America; and a 2004—2007 survey (58) nearly 1 million Britons.The bottom-line: For most people throughout the world, the highest probability for depression striking is around 44 years of (59) .In the United States, however, some as-yet unexplained (60) differences were observed, with happiness among men dipping the most in their early 50s, whereas women hit their Nadir around the age of 40.The researchers cautioned that cheerful people tend to live longer than unhappy (61) —a fact that might have skewed the overall finding. But they also suggested that evidence of a happiness (62) might simply reflect a midlife choice to give up long-held but no longer tenable aspirations, followed by a senior’s sense of gratitude for having successfully endured (63) others did not."That said, some might find it helpful simply to understand the general (64) of mental health as they go through their own life," said Oswald. "It might be useful for people to realize that if they are (65) in their 40s, this is normal, it is not exceptional. And just knowing this might help. " 54.（）
Between now(June) and Labor Day, millions of American will offer up their bodies to the sun’s rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it—including themselves. With each hour, the sun’s ultraviolet radiation produces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles. And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer.Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400000 new cases will be detected this year in the United States, and almost all of them can be blamed on overexposure to the sun. Fortunately, most of these cancers are highly curable. But they can be disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason, sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe.Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV, however, interferes with the production of collagen fibers in the dermis, causing the skin to lose elasticity and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration of the dermis deprives the epidermis of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dry.Cancer is UV’s final insult. Short-wave radiant energy, especially from the UV-B band, breaks the strands of DNA. Enzymes work constantly to rearrange the DNA into proper sequence, but with repeated UV exposure, the repair process may eventually break down. Then the mutant DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells.But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense. People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the highest risk. Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun, such as the cheeks, nose, lower lip and the ears. People who have already developed precancerous lesions or had one skin cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others. Dermatologists recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense—between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen. These lotions and salves contain chemicals, such as paraaminobenzoic acid, that block out the burning UV-B radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin. Why does the repair process of the DNA may finally fail（）
Between now(June) and Labor Day, millions of American will offer up their bodies to the sun’s rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it—including themselves. With each hour, the sun’s ultraviolet radiation produces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles. And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer.Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400000 new cases will be detected this year in the United States, and almost all of them can be blamed on overexposure to the sun. Fortunately, most of these cancers are highly curable. But they can be disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason, sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe.Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV, however, interferes with the production of collagen fibers in the dermis, causing the skin to lose elasticity and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration of the dermis deprives the epidermis of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dry.Cancer is UV’s final insult. Short-wave radiant energy, especially from the UV-B band, breaks the strands of DNA. Enzymes work constantly to rearrange the DNA into proper sequence, but with repeated UV exposure, the repair process may eventually break down. Then the mutant DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells.But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense. People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the highest risk. Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun, such as the cheeks, nose, lower lip and the ears. People who have already developed precancerous lesions or had one skin cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others. Dermatologists recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense—between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen. These lotions and salves contain chemicals, such as paraaminobenzoic acid, that block out the burning UV-B radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin. The word "deity" in the second paragraph refers to（）
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