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The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.Since the 1970s, a multitude of scientists from the fields of climatology, oceanography, and biology have been warning the governments of the world that unless human societies reduce their emissions of "greenhouse gases"--gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that increase the capacity of the atmosphere to retain heat--world-wide global warming caused by these gases will result in catastrophic consequences for people and the environment. In December 1997, a group of delegates from over 100 nations gathered together in Kyoto, Japan, in order to work out the details of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the most comprehensive international effort to date to combat the rise of greenhouse gas emissions.The chief goal of the Kyoto Protocol is for industrialized nations to reduce their emissions of green-house gases by 5.2 percent compared to 1990 levels. The gases targeted by the protocol are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, HFCs, and PFCs. The protocol contains some provisions for developing nations, but as the per-capita emissions of greenhouse gases from these nations are much lower than those of industrialized nations, the majority of the reductions called for by the protocol come from the European Union (8 percent reduction from 1990 levels), the United States (7 percent reduction), and Japan (6 percent reduction).Proponents of the Kyoto Protocol maintain that although it is not sufficient by itself to halt global warming, it represents an important first step toward a sustainable global economy. These proponents argue that most of the reductions in green-house gases can be achieved through improvements in efficiency and the use of cleaner fuels. While they concede that the provisions of the protocol may slow economic growth in affected nations, they maintain that the potential economic costs are far outweighed by the benefits of avoiding the ravages of global warming, which they say could include rising sea levels, erratic weather patterns, and long-term reductions in biodiversity.Critics of the Kyoto Protocol argue that it is unnecessary, unfair, and too costly to implement. It is unnecessary, they maintain, because the scientific community is still divided on the questions of whether global warming is happening and, if it is, whether human activity is the cause. They say it is unfair because the provisions primarily limit the emissions growth of industrialized nations while giving free rein to developing nations such as India, which actually emit more greenhouse gases than many industrialized nations, and that this situation will give the developing nations an economic edge in the global marketplace. Furthermore, they argue, the costs of switching fuels and limiting energy use will severely damage the economy, and the negative effects of this economic depression will outweigh any theoretical gains to be had by delaying global warming. By observing the author’s tone, it can be inferred that which of the following most accurately represents the author’s opinions ?()

A. The author is in favor of immediate implementation of the Kyoto Protocol by all nations.
B. The author believes that the costs of the Kyoto Protocol should fall equally on industrialized and developing nations.
C. The author doubts that the Kyoto Protocol is an effective measure to address the problem of global warming. D. The author is not convinced that the problems raised by global warming justify the severe restrictions imposed by the Kyoto Protocol on national economies.
D. The author believes the Kyoto Protocol is more comprehensive than prior efforts to address the problem of global warming at an international level.

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The following two questions are based on the following passage:The Southfork Steel Company is in trouble. Since 1960 it has made guaranteed payments to retirees out of a pension fund paid into by current employees as a percentage of their salaries. The restructuring of the Southfork workforce, however, has meant that fewer employees are now needed to produce the same amount of work as in the days of the retired employees. Since current employees are unwilling to pay a larger percentage of their salaries into the pension system than their predecessors did, the pension fund will inevitably go bankrupt. Which of the following, if true, suggests that the passage is correct in its conclusion that the pension fund will inevitably go bankrupt ?()

A. Employees who retire today will, on average, live five years longer than those who retired in the 1960s.
B. The workers’ union has consistently vetoed any efforts on the part of management to cut tire level of pension payments to retired employees.
C. Although Southfork Steel now produces almost twice as much steel as it did during the 1960s, overseas competition has driven the price of steel, adjusted for inflation, to less than one-third of its price in the 1960s, and there is no indication that prices will increase at any time in the future.
D. Consultants have advised Southfork management that it can improve efficiency at the plant by implementing further workforce restructuring that could decrease the total number of employees by approximately 10 percent.
E. Southfork employees in management do not take part in the general pension system, but instead pay into and collect from a separate system that guarantees higher payments.

passage oneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A. By filtering sea water.
By treating sea water with chemicals.
C. By taking salt out of sea water.
D. By drying up sea water.

The following data sufficiency problems consist of a question and two statements, labeled (1) and (2), in which certain data are given. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question. Using the data given in the statements plus your knowledge of mathematics and everyday facts (such as the number of days in July or the meaning of counterclockwise), you must indicate whether. Ajar contains 30 coins, of which 20 are nickels and 10 are dimes. If 7 coins are removed, how many nickels are left ?() (1) More nickels are removed than dimes. (2) The remaining coins in the jar are worth $1.55.

A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

How many children were there in the school

A. 114.
B. About 200.
C. 900
D. More than 1,000.

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