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因为照片的影像是通过光线与胶片的接触形成的，所以每张照片都具有一定的真实性。但是，从不同角度拍摄的照片总是反映了物体某个侧面的真实而不是全部的真实，在这个意义上，照片又是不真实的。因此，在目前的技术条件下，以照片作为证据是不恰当的，特别是在法庭上。 以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱上述论证( )
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Animal studies are under way, human trial protocols are taking shape and drug makers are on alert. All the international health community needs now is a human vaccine for the bird flu pandemic sweeping a cluster of Asian countries. The race for a vaccine began after the first human case emerged in Hong Kong in 1997. Backed by the World Health Organization (WHO), three research teams in the US and UK are trying to create a seed virus for a new vaccine. Their task is formidable, but researchers remain optimistic." There are obstacles, but most of the obstacles have been treated sensibly," says Richard Webby, a virologist at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. The biggest challenge is likely to be the rapidly mutating virus. Candidate vaccines produced last year against the H5N1 virus are ineffective against this year’s strain. Scientists will have to constantly monitor the changes and try to tailor the vaccine as the virus mutates. They can’t wait to see which one comes next. The urgency stems from fears that I-ISN1 will combine with a human flu virus, creating a pathogen(病原体) that could be transmitted from person to person. But if people have no immunity to the virus, the strain may not mutate as rapidly in people as it does in birds. To quickly generate the vaccine, researchers are using reverse genetics, which allows them to skip the long process of searching through reassorted viruses for the correct genetic combination. Instead, scientists clone sequences for hemagglutinin(红血球凝聚素) and neuraminidase(神经氨酸苷酶), the two key proteins in the virus. The sequences are then combined with human influenza genes to create a customized reference strain. Because products developed with reverse genetics have never been tested in humans, the candidate vaccines will first have to clear regulatory review. In anticipation, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA) are both preparing pandemic response plans. The EMEA has produced a fist-track licensing program, an industry task force and detailed guidance for potential applicants. In Europe, a reassortant influenza virus -- but not the inactivated vaccine -- produced by reverse genetics would be considered a genetically modified organism, and manufacturers would need approval from their national or local safety authorities. The WHO has prepared a preliminary biosafety risk assessment of pilot-lot vaccine, which could help speed up the review. A preliminary version of their protocol calls for several hundred subjects, beginning with a group of young adults and gradually expanding to include those most susceptible to the flu -- children and the elderly." If we had product," says Lambert," it would probably be a couple of months at the earliest before we have early data in healthy adults.\ We can infer from Paragraph 2 that facing the tough task the researchers of WHO ______.
如果没有工程建设专家亲自参加方案设计，最后确定的工程设计方案就不会被审核通过。同时，如果有更多的技术人员参与方案设计，提出他们的工程建设构想，最后确定的设计方案会更具可行性。 以上陈述如果为真，以下哪项陈述不可能为假( )
Washington, DC has traditionally been an unbalanced city when it comes to the life of the mind. It has great national monuments, from the Smithsonian museums to the Library of Congress. But day-to-day cultural life can be thin. It attracts some of the country’s best brains. But far too much of the city’s intellectual life is devoted to the minutiae of the political process. Dinner table conversation can all too easily turn to budget reconciliation or social security. This is changing. On October 1st the Shakespeare Theatre Company opened a 775-seat new theatre in the heart of downtown. Sidney Harman hall not only provides a new stage for a theatre company that has hitherto had to make do with the 450-seat Lansburgh Theatre around the corner. It will also provide a platform for many smaller arts companies. The fact that so many of these outfits are queuing up to perform is testimony to Washington’s cultural vitality. The recently-expanded Kennedy Centre is by some measures the busiest performing arts complex. But it still has a growing number of arts groups which are desperate for mid-sized space down- town. Michael Kahn, the theatre company’s artistic director, jokes that, despite Washington’s aversion (厌恶) to keeping secrets, it has made a pretty good job of keeping quiet about its artistic life. The Harman Centre should act as a whistle blower. Washington still bows the knee to New York and Chicago when it comes to culture. But it has a good claim to be America’s intellectual capital. It has the greatest collection of think-tanks on the planet, and it regularly sucks in a giant share of the country’s best brains. Washington is second only to San Francisco for the proportion of residents twenty-five years and older with a bachelor’s degree or higher. Washington’s intellectual life has been supercharged during the Bush years, despite the Decider’s aversion to ideas. September 11th, 2001, put questions of global strategy at the center of the national debate. Most of America’s intellectual centers are firmly in the grip of the left-liberal establishment. For all their talk of "diversity" American universities are allergic to a diversity of ideas. Washington is one of the few cities where conservatives regularly do battle with liberals. It is also the center of a fierce debate about the future direction of conservatism. The danger for Washington is that this intellectual and cultural renaissance will leave the majority of the citizens untouched. The capital remains a city deeply divided between over-educated white itinerants and under- educated black locals. Still, the new Shakespeare theatre is part of job-generating downtown revival. Twenty years ago downtown was a desert of dilapidated(破旧的) buildings and bag people. Today it is bustling with life. If Washington is struggling to fix the world, at least it is making a reasonable job of fixing itself. The underlined phrase" whistle blower" (Last line, Paragraph 3) probably means ______.
Nowadays, the Americans frequently read newspaper articles about violent crimes, see rages of inhumanity on the evening news, and hear sound bites on the radio describing cruelty and intolerance. (46) We worry, particularly, about the effects on our children of our own society, a society that is less safe and less hospitable than the one we experienced as children growing up during the 1950’s and 1960’s.(47) In many school districts throughout America, there is already compelling evidence that adolescents have been affected negatively by changing social conditions, including by what many American believe to be a decline of basic human values. Parents and teachers must contend often with adolescent aggression, profanity, and disrespect. Some students display antagonistic attitudes and behave inappropriately. Some students are insensitive and unkind to their classmates, discourteous to adults, and quick to express their anger by raising their voices or using profanity.It is the responsibility of parents to teach their children to be polite, courteous, and forbearing. (48) It is one of parents’ most fundamental responsibilities to impart to their children the values of integrity, decency, and respect for others; teachers and school administrators should never become, however, ethical bystanders. If we wish to realize our educational philosophy not only to educate our students but also to encourage them to accept the innate worth of every human being, we must not surrender the ideal of maintaining a moral community at our school, where all people have an obligation to be polite and tolerant of individual differences.(49) Some individuals believe that school personnel should not interfere with the behavior of students unless it is directly related to learning or affects the safety of individuals who are inside the school building or somewhere on campus. But good teachers and administrators do teach values--not personal, private values but common values of courtesy, mutual respect, persistence, responsibility, and self-reliance.(50) Ideally, educators affirming socially-responsible values taught at home by parents and demanding appropriate vocabulary and good manners from their students should have been valued as competent and successful educators. They should remind the students of saying" please" and" thank you" and remind them of not interrupting when others are speaking. It is very much the responsibility of teachers and administrators to promote our school’s traditions of proper behavior and good sportsmanship. Therefore, school educators should be judged by the moral and ethical climate of their school. All the academic improvements of the school notwithstanding, no teachers should be considered successful educators unless their students graduated not only as successful learners but also as ladies and gentlemen. 48
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