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To use it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun! Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high office. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Age, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France, and later on in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made, in a whole variety of colors. Which of the following statements is not true about the umbrella

A. No one exactly knows who the inventor of the umbrella was.
B. The umbrella was first invented to be used as protection against the sun.
C. The umbrella changed much in the eighteenth century.
D. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella.

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Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answers to the questions. At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly. "Get out of the classroom into a job," it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision, found a place for him in a supermarket. "You’re lucky, Ron," he said. "For every boy with a job these days, there’s a dozen without." So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week. For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. By the end of that time he was looking back on his school-days as a time of great variety (多样性) and satisfaction. He searched for an interest in his work, with little success. One fine day instead of going to work Ron got a lift on a lorry going south. With nine pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make a better way for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a café run by an elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease and speed of it rather took Ron’s breath away. At quiet times Ron had to check the old man’s arithmetic in the records of the business. At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Late in October, he was taken on by the sick manager of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there; He was the only one who could keep the books. It took about a year for Ron to realize that ______.

A. he worked well because he was interested in the job.
B. his work at the supermarket was dull.
C. being at work was much better than going to school.
D. the store manager wanted to get rid of him.

deal with dispose of equivalent to give priority to have a look at have confidence in insure against interfere with invest in involved in In many countries the price of a car is ______ ______ ten years’ wages for a worker.

Directions: Read the following passages and choose the best answers to the questions. At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly. "Get out of the classroom into a job," it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision, found a place for him in a supermarket. "You’re lucky, Ron," he said. "For every boy with a job these days, there’s a dozen without." So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week. For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. By the end of that time he was looking back on his school-days as a time of great variety (多样性) and satisfaction. He searched for an interest in his work, with little success. One fine day instead of going to work Ron got a lift on a lorry going south. With nine pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make a better way for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a café run by an elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease and speed of it rather took Ron’s breath away. At quiet times Ron had to check the old man’s arithmetic in the records of the business. At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Late in October, he was taken on by the sick manager of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there; He was the only one who could keep the books. What did Ron’s father think about his leaving school

A. He thought his son was doing the right thing.
B. He advised him to stay at school to complete his education.
C. He did not like the idea, but he helped Ron to find work.
D. He knew there was a job for every boy who wanted one.

Have you eaten too much over the holidays You should try fidgeting for a while. Those around you might not like it, but scratching (moving your nails (指甲) against a part of your body) and twitching (moving suddenly and quickly when you don’ t want to) is an important way of burning up calories (卡路里). American researchers have found that some people’s squirming ( continuously turn your body when nervous) and wigging (move in small movements, especially from side to side) equals (等于) several miles of slow running each day. The scientists, based at the National Institute of Heahh’s laboratory in Phenix, Arizona, are studying why some people get fat and other stay slim. In one study 177 people each spent 24 hours in a room in the institute where the amount (量) of energy is measured by their oxygen and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels. By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping, (moving the front part of your foot up and down) finger-drumming (hitting your fingers continuously and lightly against something hard) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories. The researchers found that slim women fidget more than fat women, but there was no significant difference in men. Heavy people burn up more energy when they fidget than thin people do. We can know from the passage that scientists believe the reason why some people get fat and other people stay slim is that ______.

A. thin people burn up less calories than fat people
B. fat people burn up more calories than thin people
C. those who burn up more calories than others will be thinner
D. those who fidget more than others will be thinner

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