题目内容

In recent decades, space-based observations have led astronomers to change their previous view that Pluto was the ninth planet in the solar system. By a strong majority, the International Astronomical Union voted to change the definition of what it means to be a planet. The new definition states that, in order to be called a planet, an object must meet three criteria. First, it must orbit the sun. Second, it must be large enough to have a round shape due to the force of its own gravity. Third, it must dominate the neighborhood of its orbit by clearing the region of other large bodies. Pluto meets the first two criteria. It orbits the sun, is round in shape, and has an estimated diameter of 2,400 kilometers. However, Pluto does not meet the third criterion because it does not dominate the region of its orbit. As a planet forms, it becomes the strongest gravitational body in its orbit, and this gravity causes it to sweep up asteroids, comets, and other debris around it. Pluto’s orbit remains crowded with other objects, many of which are nearly as large as Pluto itself. The new definition of planet is clear and precise, and Pluto does not qualify. Astronomers now agree that Pluto is not a true planet. Instead, Pluto and its moons are part of a collection of objects called the Kuiper Belt. Astronomers have redefined Pluto as a dwarf planet, an object too small to be a real planet but too large to be a space rock. Unless Pluto gains mass by crashing into and absorbing the other objects in its orbit, it will remain a dwarf planet and not a true planet. Now listen to the recording. When you hear the question, begin your response. You may look at the reading passage during the writing time. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they contradict specific points made in the reading passage.

查看答案

搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈

更多问题

年度热词年度热词(annual hot word)是互联网时代产生的一种新的文化景观(cultural landscape)。自2009年开始的每年年末，主流报纸、杂志、网络和广大网民共同评选出当年最火最热的十大流行词，成为当年的年度热词。这些精心挑选出的年度热词的来源五花八门，有的是网民根据社会现象发明创造出来的别具一格的新词，有的是轰动一时的社会事件的关键词。年度热词不仅同国际国内政治、经济、文化息息相关，更与人们的日常生活有紧密联系。

People who are especially talented in solving problems that concern an understanding of space are said to have visual-spatial intelligence, a superior visual sense. People with visual-spatial intelligence are able to perceive patterns. They will notice immediately when a building, painting, or face is not symmetrical. They can recognize objects, both when the objects are seen in their original setting and when some part of the original setting has changed. Their ability to perceive patterns enables them to draw whatever object they see, usually after seeing the object for only a short time. Typically, visual-spatial intelligence involves several related capacities, such as the ability to create and transform mental imagery, the ability to mentally rotate complex forms and "see" objects from various angles, and the ability to draw a picture or map of spatial information. Visual-spatial skills are used when an individual works with graphic depictions--two-dimensional or three-dimensional versions of real-world scenes--as well as other symbols, such as maps, diagrams, or geometrical forms. People with visual-spatial intelligence have a superior visual memory, or visual imagination, but this memory is abstract rather than pictorial--a kind of geometrical memory. A visual imagination involves the ability to predict and plan ahead. People with a visual imagination are skilled at understanding patterns, including patterns of mental reasoning, which enables them to predict actions and their consequences before these actions occur. For this reason, many people with visual-spatial intelligence love to play games. Now listen to the recording. When you hear the question, begin your response. You may look at the reading passage during the writing time. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they illustrate specific points made in the reading passage.

Check the sentence structure of the following paragraphs. Cross out errors and write corrections above them. There may be more than one way to correct an error. 1 The speaker talk about a maple tree that was topping. This not a good pruning practice. Because topping cause a lot of damage to trees. The first reason was topping cause leaves and branches grew fast. The growth rate of a tree speed up when they are topping. Branches became crowded and dangerous could crush a car. Another reason, topping remove too many leaves, which the tree’s food source. The tree will starve also more likely to infected by disease. Topping cause a lot of stress for the tree therefore not good pruning practice. 2. The lecture mention reasons for choose alternative medicine. For example, an increase in conspiracy theories. Some people belief conventional medicine be causing their depend on drugs. The reading that dissatisfaction with conventional medicine, for example people did not trust the physician. Also, the professor he talking about alternative medicine how to mislead people and encourage him choose treatments who not base on science. 3 The professor made many points about the motivation and needs of .workers they support points made in the reading. First, the professor say the small work group important for workers about 3 to 15 people with one leader. The work group fill needs of workers the reason is they can participate and a sense of respect. The small work group also give workers the ability for make decisions. This point agreed with the reading it said the most satisfying jobs are those with a high level of autonomy this gave workers a voice can make their own decisions.

Pruning is removing dead or living branches of a tree to improve the tree’s health and structure. Careful pruning will control the size of a tree and hold the tree within bounds. Tree size is maintained through crown reduction pruning, the removal of larger branches at the top of the tree to reduce its height. When done properly, crown reduction only removes branches immediately above the joint with other branches, leaving no stubs. Pruning invigorates trees and keeps them healthy. In general, a tree will be more vigorous with a few healthy branches than with many weak ones. Crowded branches never develop to full size. Large branches compete with small branches, and the small ones become targets for disease and breakage. Pruning encourages trees to develop a strong structure, which reduces the likelihood of damage during severe weather. Pruning should always be done sparingly; removing too many branches in one season can damage the tree’s capability for photosynthesis. The aim of pruning is to enhance the natural shape and beauty of a tree. Most hardwood trees have rounded crowns that lack a strong leader and may have several lateral, or side, branches. Branches grow from stems at nodes, and cuts are always made just above the stem- branch node so that the wound heals effectively. Cuts should not be made in the middle of a branch or near the end of a branch. After a mature tree reaches the desirable shape, pruning should be done only to remove broken or diseased branches and to thin occasionally to avoid overcrowding. Now listen to the recording. When you hear the question, begin your response. You may look at the reading passage dining the writing time. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they contrast with specific points made in the reading passage.