Relative time answers which one is older and which one is younger. The simple rules or principles we usually used are:
A. Principle of Original Horizontality
B. Law of Superposition
C. Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships
D. Principle of lateral continuity
E. Faunal Succession
F. Inclusions and Cross-Cutting Relations
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Inclusions and cross-Cutting relations tell us that the younger broke the old.
The statement "The present is the key to the past" is referred as:
A. Uniformitarianism
B. Catastrophism
The picture shows here is the angular unconformity found by James Hutton.
The best way to determine the true shape of a continent is to trace the outer boundary of its continental shelf.