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M: Dr Brook, I just don’t know what’s wrong with me. I always feel tired and weak. My wife finally persuaded me to visit you to find out what the trouble is.W: From what is written here I can see that you have a very bad cold three years ago and that you also had a small operation last year. Did you have any bad effect after thatM: Well, I don’t remember.W: For example, bow long did you stay at home each time you were illM: Just a couple of days, but about six months ago I was home for about two weeks with a cold or something.W: Did you see a doctor at that time, or did you just stay at homeM: No, I didn’t see a doctor. When I began to feel better, I returned to work.W: And when did you start feeling so tired againM: It must have been about ten days ago. When I came home from work one night, there just didn’t seem to be any reason to go back the next day.W: Well, it sounds as if your problem may be the kind of work you do. The test I just made doesn’t show anything really wrong. But I would like to make some further tests in the hospital.M: That’s fine with me.W: All right. You Can check tonight and I will make the tests tomorrow morning. What can we learn about the doctor().
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The question "What are the rights and obligations of friendship" is a question that is usually not asked. (36) many other aspects of our social life, friendship is (37) for granted. How to relate, to communicate (38) friends, is not something we need to learn, it is something we do (39) asking how or why. It’s natural, we feel, and international Everyone has fiends and so (40) everyone behaves the same way towards (41) . While the former is obviously true, the latter is not. And it is from often small differences in opinions about the nature of friendship (42) big miscommunications arise.(43) many Chinese the major obligation of friendship is (44) . True friends are expected to be prepared to offer (45) mental or moral support but also a wide range of help and assistance In Australia, (46) support would usually be aimed at helping the recipient express his or (47) own desires. (48) , questions such as "What do you think", are frequently asked "What do you want to do", (49) Australians are discussing personal problems.Chinese often comment on the frequency with (50) Australians apologize to their friends (51) minor. inconveniences telephoning late at night or asking someone to help in some way, (52) . We also notice that (53) tend to use polite forms such as "could you" , "would you mind" even with close friends. In Chinese, more direct forms are usually used between friends. This sometimes (54) Chinese appearing to be too direct or demanding when talking to their Australian friends. (55) , we may think Australians are distant and cold in their friendships. 55().
M: When do I get paidW: You’ll be paid on the first and fifteenth of every month.M: Is the pay by the week or by the hourW: You’ll be paid $ 6.50 an hour. How will the man be paid().
Entertainment in LondonBuying Books Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and even of books especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy "proper" books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard covers. There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charing Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being "the biggest bookshop in the world" to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kinds of books, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books or philosophy, politic or any other of the various subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes solely in books about ballet! Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charing Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volumes, the collector must venture off the busy and crowded roads, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so grand as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and tip out their sacks of books on to barrows(推车) which line the gutters(贫民区). And the collectors, some professional and some amateur, who have been waiting for them, pounce towards the sellers. In places like this one can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds. Both Charing Cross Road and Farringdon Road are well-known places of the book buyer. Yet all over London there are bookshops, in places not so well known, where the books are equally varied and exciting. It is in the sympathetic atmosphere of such shops that the loyal book buyer feels most at home. In these shops, even the life-long book-browser is frequently rewarded by the accidental discovery of previously unknown delights. One could, in fact, easily spend a lifetime exploring London’s bookshops. There are many less pleasant ways of spending time!Going to the Theatre London is very rich in theatres: there are over forty in the West End alone--more than enough to ensure that there will always be at least two or three shows running to suit every kind taste, whether serious or lighthearted. Some of them are specialist theatres. The Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, where the great opera singers of the world can be heard, is the home of opera and the Royal Ballet. The London Coliseum now houses the English National Opera Company, which encourages English singers in particular and performs most operas in English at popular prices. Some theatres concentrate on the classics and serious drama, some on light comedy, some on musicals. Most theatres have a personality of their own, from the old, such as the Theatre Royal (also called the "Haymarket") in the Haymarket, to the more modern such as the recently opened Baibican centre in the city. The National Theatre has three separate theatres in its new building by Waterloo Bridge. At the new Barbican centre the Royal Shakespeare Company has their London home-their other centre is at Stratfor-on-Avon. Most of the old London theatres are concentrated in a very small area, within a stone’s throw of the Piccadilly and Leicester Square tube stations. As the evening performances normally begin either at seven-thirty or eight p. m., there is a kind of minor rush-hour between seven-fifteen and eight o’clock in this district. People stream out of the nearby tube stations, the pavements are crowded, and taxis and private cars maneuver into position as they drop theatre-goers outside the entrance to each theatre. There is another minor rush-hour when the performance finishes. The theatre in London is very popular and it is not always easy to get in to see a successful play. Before World War Ⅱ, theatre performances began later and a visit to the theatre was a more formal occasion. Nowadays very few people "dress" for the theatre (that is, wear formal evening dress) except for first nights or an important performance. The times of performance were put forward during the war and have not been put back. The existing times make the question of eating a rather tricky problem: one has to have either early dinner or late supper. Many restaurants in "theatreland" ease the situation by catering specially for early or late dinners. Television and the difficulty of financing plays have helped to close many theatres. But it seems that the worst of the situation is now over and that the theatre, after a period of decline, is about to pick up again. Although some quite large provincial towns do not have a professional theatre, there are others, such as Nottingham, Hull, Coventry or Newcastle, which have excellent companies and where a series of plays are performed during one season by a resident group of actors. Some towns such as Chichester or Edinburgh have theatres which give summer seasons. Even in small towns a number of theatres have been built in the last few years to cater for the local population.Music in Britain It is debatable whether the tastes of kings reflect those of their subjects. However, three English monarchs certainly shared their people’s linking for music. Richard Ⅰ(1157-1199), the "Lionheart", composed songs that he sang with his musician, Blondel. It is said that when the king was a prisoner in Austria, Blondel found him by singing a song known only to him and the king, who took up the tune in the tower of the castle in which he was secretly imprisoned. Henry VⅢ (1491-1547), notorious for his six wives, was a skilled musician and some of his songs are still known and sung. Queen Victoria (1819-1901) and her husband, Prince Albert, delighted in singing ballads. The great composer and pianist Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) was a welcome guest at their court, where he would accompany the Queen and the Prince when they sang. The British love of music is often unfamiliar to foreigners, probably because there are few renowned British composers. The most famous is Henry Purcell (1658-1695), whose opera "Dido and Aeneas" is a classic. The rousing marching song "Lillibulero" attributed to Purcell, now used by BBC as an identification signal preceding Overseas Service news bulletins, was said to have "sung James Ⅱ out of three kingdoms" when he fled from Britain in 1688. Sir Edward Elgar (1857-1934) is known for his choral and orchestral works, some of which have been made more widely known by the famous violinist Yehudi Menuhin. Benjamin Britten (1913-1976), a composer with a very personal style, has become world-famous for such operatic works as "Peter Grimes" and "Billy Budd". Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958) was deeply influenced by English folk music, as is shown by his variations on the old tune "Green-sleeves" (which most people consider a folk song). In recent years there has been a great revival of folk music, and groups specializing in its performance have sprung up all over Britain. This phenomenon has its roots in the work of Cecil Sharp (1859-1924), who collected folk songs and dances. Present-day concern with music is shown by the existence of something like a hundred summer schools in music, which cater for all grades of musicians, from the mere beginner to the skilled performer. These schools, where a friendly atmosphere reigns, provide courses lasting from a weekend to three or four weeks, and cover a wide range, from medieval and classical music to rock-and-roll and pop. There are also important musical festivals in towns such as Aldeburgh, Bath, and Cheltenham. Pop-music festivals draw thousands of people, especially young people. In the great cities there are resident world-famous orchestras and from all over the world great performers come to play or sing in Britain. In many towns there are brass bands, and the players are often such people as miners or members of the local fire brigade, for music in Britain is not just an elegant interest, it is above all democratic. Which of the following do the great readers in London probably buy the least
Today I would like to tell you about the effects of old age on health. Actually today a lot of improvements have taken place in the care of old people and old people’s health is not nearly so bad as it used to be.Probably many of the fears that people have of growing old are greatly exaggerated(夸大). Most people, for example, dread becoming senile. But in fact very few people become senile Perhaps only about 15% of those over 65 become senile. Actually much more common is in fact caused by doctors ourselves. And that is over-medication. Nearly 80% of people over 65 have at least one serious illness, such as high blood pressure, heating difficulty or heart disease And very often to combat these they take a number of drugs and of course sometimes there are interactions among those drugs. And this can cause a lot of complications from mental confusions, very commonly, to disturbance of the heart rhythrn(节奏). So this is a problem that doctors have to watch out for.Probably the most ignored disorder among old people is depression. Maybe about 15% of older people suffer from this condition. A lot of it is caused by this over-medication which we mentioned.Although it is better now for old people we have to admit that the body does change as we grow older. The immune(免疫的) system starts to decline and there are changes in metabolism(新陈代谢), lungs, the senses, the brain and the skin.So what should an old person do to counteract these changesHe or she should eat a balanced diet -- not too much fat -- chicken or fish should be eaten rather than eggs or beef. Eat more high-fiber and vitamin-rich foods, such as vegetables and fruit.The old person should give up smoking if he hasn’t already done so. He should also do regular exercises -- at least half an hour, three times a week. No section of the population can benefit more from exercise than the elderly. The passage is mainly about ().
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